自杀社会意义的赋予——以邓世昌自杀情景的建构为例  

Given the social significance of suicide——To Deng Shi-chang Construction of a suicide scenario as an example

作　　者：姜峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学历史系,上海200444

出　　处：《贵州文史丛刊》2010年第3期111-116,共6页GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL

摘　　要：邓世昌是我国近代著名的民族英雄,他在黄海海战自杀后,清廷虽不赞同他的这种行为,但从强化其政治权威的角度出发,在公开的场合给其极高的褒奖,极力突出其民族英雄的形象。同时,社会上的知识精英们面对着民族危机的日益加深,他们为了寻找一种对抗残酷现实的精神寄托,也将邓世昌的形象不断的加以戏剧化。这使得整个社会对那些不利于将邓世昌建构为"理想化"民族英雄的记述进行了有意识的"遗忘"。这样既可以消除人们对邓世昌自杀的负面看法,引发世人的同情甚至是崇敬之心,又有利于把人们引导进"忠君报国"的行动中来。各个不同的群体从各自的现实需要出发,通过对邓世昌自杀情景的不断建构,赋予邓世昌自杀的社会价值和意义,并将这种价值和意义不断"放大"。Deng Shi-chang is a well-known national hero in modern China,he committed suicide after the Battle of Yalu River,the Qing government though not agree with him such an act,but to strengthen its political authority point of view on public occasions to their extremely high praise,strongly prominent their national hero＇s image.Meanwhile,the society＇s intellectual elite were faced with the growing national crisis deepened,they confront the harsh reality in order to find a source of spiritual comfort,will also be the image of Deng Shi-chang continued to be dramatic.This makes the whole community to those who are less conducive to Deng Shi-chang constructed as ＂idealized＂ national hero of the account was conscious of the ＂forgotten.＂ This is to dispel negative perceptions of Deng Shi-chang suicide,triggering the world＇s sympathy and even admiration of the heart,and it helps bring people to guide into the ＂loyalty to the emperor to serve the country＂ actions in the past.The different groups from their own practical needs,by Deng Shi-chang the continuous construction of a suicide scenario,given Deng Shi-chang social value and meaning of suicide.

关 键 词：邓世昌 民族英雄 赋予 社会意义 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]