经上颌窦入路至中颅底的解剖观察  

Anatomical study of transmaxillary sinus approach to middle skull base

作　　者：刘焕亭[1] 刘军[1] 费昶[1] 衡雪源[1] 孟凡国[1] 姬传林[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂市人民医院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《山东医药》2010年第26期21-22,共2页Shandong Medical Journal

基　　金：山东省优秀青年科学家奖励基金资助项目(2008BS03019)

摘　　要：目的寻找经上颌窦入路实施颅内手术的相关解剖标志。方法在成人尸头上采用上颌窦入路实施颅内手术,观察翼腭窝、中颅底的解剖结构及显露情况。结果翼腭窝内容物分为血管层和神经层,神经层位于后内侧,血管层位于前外侧,上颌神经、圆孔、蝶腭孔及翼管前孔是翼腭窝的重要解剖标志。围绕圆孔广泛磨除中颅窝底部,打开蝶窦后可显露眶上裂、眶尖及整个海绵窦。结论上颌窦入路手术的解剖标志是上颌神经、圆孔、蝶腭孔及翼管前孔,通过该入路可以安全显露整个海绵窦、鞍旁、鞍区及鞍下区。Objective To find some anatomical marks for the transmaxillary sinus approach.Methods An observation about exposure of pterygopalatine fossa and middle skull base was done by operation with transmaxillary sinus approch on corpse head specimens.Results Two layers of tissue were found in the pterygopalatine fossa,with vessl layer infront outside and nerver layer behind inside.Some anatomical marks of pterygopalatine fossa were found such as maxillary never,foramem rotumdum,sphenopalatine foramen and anterior ostium of the ptertygoid canal.After the bone around the foramem rotumdumwidely abraded widely,sphenoid sinus was opened up,orbital apex,superior orbital fissure and cavernous sinus were showed.Conclusions Maxillary never,foramem rotumdum,sphenopalatine foramen and the anterior ostium of ptertygoid canal are anatomical marks for the transmaxillary sinus approach.The approach can get an access to cavernous sinus,sellar region and the para-infra part of sella.

关 键 词：上颌窦 翼腭窝 颅底 手术路径 

分 类 号：R322.81[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]