秸秆还田对冬小麦农田土壤无机氮和土壤脲酶的影响  

Effects of Straw Mulching on Inorganic Nitrogen and Soil Urease in Winter Wheat Field

作　　者：赵鹏[1] 陈阜[2] 李莉[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《华北农学报》2010年第3期165-169,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD17B09);河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(92300410007)

摘　　要：为研究秸秆还田对冬小麦农田土壤无机氮和土壤脲酶的影响,2006-2007年小麦生长季在河南省滑县进行了田间小区定位试验。结果表明,冬小麦生长后期,10～30 cm土层,秸秆还田处理土壤硝态氮含量低于秸秆未还田的处理,秸秆还田有利于冬小麦对土壤硝态氮的吸收和利用。秸秆还田影响了土壤铵态氮的分布,提高了土壤铵态氮含量。冬小麦生长前期和成熟期,秸秆还田处理土壤脲酶活性较高,生产管理中应减少氮肥施用;进入抽穗期和灌浆期,秸秆还田处理土壤脲酶活性较低,应增加氮肥施用。To study the effects of straw mulching on inorganic nitrogen and soil urease in winter wheat field,fixed-plot field experiments were conducted in the growing season of 2006-2007 in Huaxian County,Henan Province.The results showed that content of soil NO3--N in 10-30 cm layer of the soil mulched with straw was lower than that in the unmulched soil in late growing period.Straw mulching was favorable to absorption and utilization of soil NO3--N of winter wheat.Straw mulching also affected distribution of soil NH4 ＋-N and increased soil NH4 ＋-N content.Since soil urease activity was high in the soil mulched with straw both in early growing period and at maturity of winter wheat,decreasing N appplication rate was reasonable in production practice.However,during the period from earing to grain filling soil urease activity was low and then increasing N application rate was reasonable.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 冬小麦 土壤硝态氮 土壤铵态氮 土壤脲酶 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]