模拟不同pH值的雨水对炼锌废渣浸出毒性的影响  

Simulating Effects of Rain with Different pH on Leaching Toxicity of Smelting Zinc Residue

作　　者：向发云[1] 吴永贵[1] 王俭[1] 钟柱[1] 王杏[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期134-139,共6页Journal of Guizhou University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20977020);贵州省社会发展攻关项目(黔科合SY字[2008]3034);贵州大学研究生创新基金(【校研理工】2009035);贵州大学211重点学科建设项目(2009-211)

摘　　要：通过采集贵州省毕节地区赫章县、威宁县以及六盘水市水城县一带土法炼锌废渣,参照黔西北地区特殊的大气降雨pH变化,以pH值为3、4、5、5.5和6的硫酸溶液作为浸提剂,采用水平振荡法对废渣进行浸出实验。结果表明,炼锌废渣浸出液中Cu、Cd的浸出浓度与浸提剂pH呈显著负相关,Zn的浸出浓度与浸提剂pH的相关性不明显。在不同pH值的硫酸溶液的浸泡下,浸出液中Zn、Cu浓度变化范围分别为0.53-24.39 mg/L、0.011-10.38 mg/L,其浸出毒性在最高允许浓度范围内;Cd浓度变化范围为0.012-3.34 mg/L,浸出液中Cd最高浓度超限值11倍。同时,浸提剂pH对浸出液pH无影响,浸出液pH均值在7.43-7.86之间变动,无腐蚀性;因此,在酸沉降环境下,炼锌废渣是一种有害固体废物,其浸出毒性主要表现为Cd污染。By gathering smelting zinc residue in Hezhang County、Weining County and Shuicheng County in Guizhou Province and referring to the special rainfall changes of pH values about atmosphere in the northwest of Guizhou,the study uses sulfate solution as extracting agent,their pH is 3,4,5,5.5 and 6.and uses the level of oscillation to leach the heavy metals in smelting zinc residue.The results show that the concentration of Cu,Cd in leaching solution is significantly negatively correlated with pH of extracting agent and the concentration of Zn is not obvious relevance.With different pH values of sulfuric acid solution to soak,the leaching concentration of Zn and Cu ranges from 0.53 mg·L-1 to 18.53 mg·L-1 and 0.011 to 10.38 mg·L-1,which is under the maximum allowable concentration of leaching toxicity;Cd concentration ranges from 0.012 mg·L-1 to 3.34 mg·L-1,the maximum exceeds about 11 times;At the same time,pH of the extracting agent had no effect on pH of the leaching solution,the mean pH of leaching solution changes from 7.43 to7.86,it is non-corrosive;So,in the acid deposition environment,smelting zinc residue is a kind of hazardous solid waste,the leaching toxicity of heavy metals mainly represents as Cd polluted in the study area.

关 键 词：模拟 酸雨 炼锌废渣 浸出毒性 影响 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]