生态脆弱地区的区域外部性及其可持续发展  

Sustainable Development of Vulnerable Ecological Regions Under the Perspective of Regional Externalities

作　　者：卢艳丽[1] 丁四保[1] 王荣成[1] 王昱[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春吉林130024

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2010年第7期68-73,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(No.06&ZD038)资助;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.09QNJJ027)资助

摘　　要：脆弱的生态环境与区域贫困是我国生态脆弱地区最本质的特征。在国家的区域协调发展战略下,生态脆弱地区的可持续发展不单是其自身的问题,而是一个中央政府和地方政府、区域之间关系的问题。本文在凝练我国生态脆弱地区主要特征的基础上,着重分析了生态脆弱地区所遭遇到的区域外部性问题,即无约束条件下的消极外部性(环境影响)和限制开发条件下所产生的积极外部性(生态服务)。在国家区域协调战略下,由于区域外部性的客观存在,会使生态脆弱地区面临利益失衡,即产业限制导致的发展权力剥夺,人口迁移导致的公共服务流失和承担生态服务的成本。在此基础上探讨了生态脆弱地区可持续发展的思路和国家的政策取向,指出建立完善的区域生态补偿制度是其中的关键问题,并对基本公共服务均等化、人口迁移等具体的区域生态补偿途径展开讨论。The vulnerable eco-system and poverty are the main features of vulnerable ecological regions （VER） in China. Under the coordinated regional development strategy, the VER must take commitment to the division of ecological service, so there is the conflict of interest between regions because of the existence of eco-economic gap due to which the VER can not get the ecological interest and economic interest together. Therefore, the sustainable development of the VER is not the problem with regards to the region itself, but the issue with regards to the relations between regions, central government and local governments. This paper first sums up the characters of VER in China, and then analyze the regional externality problems encountered by VER, including the positive externalities under constrains and negative externalities without constrains, as well as the conflict of interest between regions. This paper considers that the regional eco-compensation is the key issue for the sustainable development of VER, and the equalization of basic public service, migration are the important ways for the implementation of regional eco-compensation.

关 键 词：区域外部性 生态脆弱地区 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]