微乳柴油的研制及性能  

Preparation and properties of micro-emulsified diesel

作　　者：曹建喜[1] 罗立文[2] 董松祥[2] 高仲峰[3] 徐春明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266555 [3]新汶矿业集团有限责任公司,山东新泰271233

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期152-156,166,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：重质油国家重点实验室开放基金项目(E030407-21)

摘　　要：将失水山梨醇单油酸酯（span-80）分别与聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯（tween40）、烷基酚聚氧乙烯（10）醚（OP-10）、石油环烷酸钠进行复配，将失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯（span-60）分别与聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯（tween40）、烷基酚聚氧乙烯（10）醚（OP-10）进行复配，制备微乳化柴油，考察微乳化柴油的性能。结果表明：由span-80与tween-d0、OP-10复配可以得到澄清的微乳化柴油，当取乳化剂为油质量的5％、助乳化剂体积为油的2％时，其最大加水量可达10％-12％；调配的微乳化柴油抗水性较好，在高温环境（80℃）以及低温条件（5℃）下均能保持澄清透明；微乳化柴油的密度、运动黏度、闪点、十六烷值等技术指标均符合车用柴油GB／T19147-2003，与纯柴油相比，主要排放物PM颗粒物下降30％～40％，CO排放下降57．1％，NOx排放基本与纯柴油相当。According to micro-emulsification theories, sorbitan oleate （ span-80）, sorbitan stearate （ span-60）, polyoxyethyl- ene sorbitan palmitate （ tween-40）, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether （ OP-10 ） , petroleum sodium naphthenate （PSN） were used as the main emulsifiers, and low carbon chain alcohol as emulsifier auxiliaries to prepare clear micro-emulsified diesel. The properties of micro-emulsified diesel were investigated. The results show that the clear micro-emulsified diesel can be ob- tained by span-80, tween-40 and OP-10 combination. The percentage of water in micro-emulsified diesel can reach up to 10% -12% when the mass ratio of emulsifier and oil is 5% and the volume ratio of associated emulsifier and oil is 2%. The prepared micro-emulsified diesel can be stored at 80℃ and at 5℃for 48 h, no phase separation was observed. The technology indexes of micro-emulsified diesel including density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and octane number are fitting to GB/T 19147-2003. The micro-emulsified diesel can reduce CO by 57.1% and PM by 30%-40% in the exhaust emissions compared to GB diesel, while the power of engine can keep almost the same power as GB diesel.

关 键 词：柴油燃料 微乳化柴油 非离子表面活性剂 稳定性 排放 

分 类 号：TE626.24[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]