以人类发展的视角看城市化的必然性  

Inevitable Urbanization in the Perspective of Human Development

作　　者：季曦[1] 刘民权[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院经济与人类发展研究中心

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2010年第4期46-53,共8页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(70903005);教育部人文社会科学项目(09YJCZH005)

摘　　要：当今影响全球发展最显著的问题之一当属城市化问题，人类发展观坚持“实现人本身的发展”，应该成为思考城市化问题的理论基础。以人类发展的视角来看，城市的兴起和演化均是人类选择的结果，人类在实现自我发展的过程中，城市化成为了历史的必然：在前工业化时代，人类需求的变化以及由此引发的社会分工和农业剩余初步推动了城市化；进入工业化时代后，人类需求的提升以及伴随而来的机械化、规模化生产进一步加速了城市化的进程；目前全球很多地区已经进入了后工业化时代，人类需求的进一步提升和需求结构的多样化以及由此导致的产业结构升级使城市化进程达到高潮。应该充分认识城市化的必然性，尊重城市化的内在规律，充分尊重人的选择，重视人类发展的需要，提升城市化质量，推动以“人类发展”为目标的城市化进程。Urbanization is among the most significant issues affecting the development of globalization. The view of human development,insisting upon the development of human beings,should be the fundamental theory in dealing with the issue of urbanization. From the angle of this view,both the rise and development of cities are the results of human choices; and urbanization is inevitable in the development of human beings themselves. In the time of pre-industry,social division of labor and surplus in agricultural production as a result of development in human demands ignited urbanization. In the age of industrialization,the advancement of human demands,togather with the corresponding mechanization and mass production,accelerated the process of urbanization. Till now,many parts of the world have been entering the post-industrial era,and the further improvement and diversification of human demands,togather with the subsequent optimization of industrial structure,have pushed the process of urbanization to its new high. The inevitability of urbanization should be fully recognized,and its own developement should be highly respected. Human demands should be carefully satisfied,so as to improve the quality of urbanization that targets 'human development' as its final goal.

关 键 词：人类发展 城市化 必然性 

分 类 号：F291[经济管理—国民经济]