造纸废水治理工艺的生命周期评价  

Life cycle assessment of treatment process for paper mill wastewater

作　　者：沈兰[1] 韦保仁[1] 顾军[2] 田原聖隆[3] 小林謙介[3] 匂坂正幸[3] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215011 [2]苏州高新区环境保护局,苏州215011 [3]日本产业技术综合研究所

出　　处：《中华纸业》2010年第13期47-51,共5页China Pulp & Paper Industry

基　　金：日本环境省资助项目

摘　　要：对苏州某造纸企业新旧两条废水处理工艺的生命周期环境影响进行了对比研究。研究范围划定为:污水处理设施的建设阶段、运行阶段、污水处理设施的拆除阶段,通过统一的功能单位计算整理得到两条不同废水处理工艺的清单数据表。采用日本的AIST-LCAVer4评价软件进行影响评价,最终求得单一的生态指标:生态化的币值Yen。研究结果表明:上超滤前和上超滤后两套处理工艺的生态化币值分别为1.40Yen和1.15Yen,可见上超滤后对环境的影响比上超滤前的影响要小,其中药品对环境影响最大的为PAC的生产及使用。两套废水处理装置单项污染物排放量所占份额最大的是CO2,但上超滤后比上超滤前CO2的排放量下降了一半多,由原先的45.5kg/t纸降到21.9kg/t纸。造纸废水治理工艺的主要环境影响为城市空气污染、全球变暖、固体废弃物和资源消耗。我们认为,所获得的结论较为客观地反映了两种造纸废水治理工艺对环境的影响,可以作为中国造纸废水治理决策的参考依据。A comparative study on life cycle environmental influence between new wastewater treatment line and original one in a paper mill in Suzhou. The construction period of wastewater treatment facilities, operation and the demolition period were included in the study. Inventory data in those periods of the systems were integrated with a functional unit. The impact assessment was carried out using AIST-LCA Ver4. The results showed that the economic targets after using ultrafiltration and original treatment process were 1.40 Yen and 1.15 Yen, respectively, and the impact assessment after using ultra-filtration was less than the original ones and a big portion of the difference is caused by the production and usage of PAC. Among the environmental pollution, CO2 has the largest amount of single pollutant emissions. However, the amount of CO2 fell more than half by using ultra-filtration, from 0.0455 t/t to 0.0219 t/t. And the main environment impact paths of treatment systems of paper mill wastewater were urban air pollution, global warming, solid waste and resource consumption. We believe that the assessment results are reasonable and can be used as reference information for decision making of treatment systems of paper mill wastewater in China.

关 键 词：生命周期清单 生命周期影响评价 造纸废水 污泥 

分 类 号：X793[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TS7[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]