反复离心运动致骨骼肌超微结构变化的实验研究  

Experimental Study of Ultrastructural Changes in Skeletal Muscle Induced Repeated Eccentric Exercise

作　　者：金其贯[1] 刘霞[1] 李淑艳[1] 牛美丽[1] 李宁川[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2010年第4期453-456,共4页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家体育总局应用基础研究项目(IK0408208)

摘　　要：目的探讨反复离心运动后大鼠骨骼肌超微结构的改变。方法雄性SD大鼠52只随机分为对照组、1次离心运动组和1周离心训练组。1次离心运动组进行1次下坡跑运动,离心训练组按照同样的强度进行7天的下坡跑训练。分别在急性运动和末次训练后即刻,24 h和第7天取股四头肌,观察股四头肌的超微结构和血清LDH、CK活性变化。结果 1次离心运动后即刻和24 h,股四头肌超微结构的损伤性变化呈渐进性加重,运动后第7天基本上可恢复到运动前水平;7次离心训练后即刻和24 h股四头肌超微结构的损伤性变化也具有相似的趋势,但训练后第7天仍未完全恢复;且在各个时段,7次离心训练组股四头肌的损伤性变化均比1次离心运动组严重。血清CK和LDH活性的变化与大鼠股四头肌超微结构的变化相一致。结论离心运动所致的骨骼肌损伤具有一定的延迟现象,在1次离心运动后即刻,骨骼肌损伤从整体看并不严重,但在运动后24 h出现明显的损伤性变化,而运动后7天骨骼肌损伤基本上可以恢复。连续的离心运动可能导致骨骼肌纤维的损伤产生一定的累加作用。Objective To investigate the ultrastmctural changes of skeletal muscle in rats after repeated eccentric exercise. Methods 52 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, a bout of eccentric exercise group and an week of eccentric training group. Rats in a bout of exercise group taking a bout of downhill running , and those in an week of eccentric training group taking downhill running for 7 days with the same intensity. Quadriceps were taken immediately, 24 h and 7 days after a bout of eccentric exercise or the latest of training respectively, the changes of ultrastructure and serum LDH and CK activity were observed. Results Ultrastructural changes of quadriceps injury showed gradual increase immediately and 24 h after a bout of eccentric exercise, but it restore basically to pre - exercise levels on the 7th day after exercise. Ultrastructure changes also had a similar trend in immediately, and 24 h after training for seven times, but it did not fully recover on the 7th day after training. Uhrastructural changes of quadriceps injury in training group had a more serious than that in a bout of exercise group at all time points. The changes of serum CK and LDH activity had consistent with ultrastructural changes. Conclusion Eccentric exercise - induced skeletal muscle damage had a certain delay phenomenon, skeletal muscle injury immediately after a bout of eccentric exercise was not serious from the overall look, but the apparent damage changes appered in 24 h after exercise and it could be restored basically on the 7th day after exercise. Repeated eccentric exercise- induced skeletal muscle damage could have a certain cumulative effect.

关 键 词：反复离心运动 骨骼肌 超微结构 延迟性肌肉损伤 肌酸激酶 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]