二醇扩链剂对聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯性能的影响  

Effects of a diatomic alcohol-chain-extender on polyether-polyurethane properties

作　　者：李樾[1] 张军营[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期53-56,共4页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20376006)

摘　　要：以聚醚多元醇为软段,4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和不同小分子二元醇为硬段,采用预聚体法合成热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。研究了异氰酸酯指数、不同扩链剂以及混合扩链剂的物质的量比对聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯性能的影响。结果表明,当异氰酸酯指数为1.02时,热塑性聚氨酯的综合性能最佳;一缩二乙二醇合成的TPU具有最佳的力学性能,而双酚A合成出来的TPU具有优异的熔体流动性,当双酚A与一缩二乙二醇的物质的量比为1/3时,聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯在保持一定力学性能的同时又具有较好的熔体流动性。A series of thermal polyurethanes based on polyether polyols as soft segments and diphenylmethylene diisocyanate （MDI） and small molecular dihydric alcohols as hard segments have been synthesized by the prepolymer method.The effects of varying the isocyanate index,the chain extender,and the molar ratio in mixed chain extenders on the properties of the resulting polyether-polyurethanes were investigated. The results showed that the polyether-polyurethanes possessed optimum mechanical properties with high fluidity when the n（NCO）/n（OH） was 1.02. Polyether-polyurethanes based on diethylene glycol and bisphenol A possessed optimum mechanical properties and high melt index,and maintained excellent mechanical properties and fluidity when the molar ratio of bisphenol A to diethylene glycol was 0.33.

关 键 词：聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯 扩链剂 熔融指数 双酚A 

分 类 号：TQ323.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]