三江平原小叶章湿地土壤中硝态氮和铵态氮含量的季节变化特征  

Seasonal Change Characteristics of Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrogen in Typical Calamagrostis angustifolia Wetland Soils of Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：孙志高[1,2] 刘景双[2] 牟晓杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《农业系统科学与综合研究》2010年第3期277-282,共6页System Sciemces and Comprehensive Studies In Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40803023);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-223KZCX2-YW-309);中国科学院"优秀博士学位论文;院长奖获得者"科研启动专项资金项目(AJ0809BX-036);山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(2007KFJJ01)

摘　　要：选择三江平原典型小叶章湿地不同水分带上的两种土壤类型(草甸沼泽土和腐殖质沼泽土)为研究对象,对比研究了二者硝态氮和铵态氮含量的季节变化特征。结果表明,二者不同土层硝态氮含量的季节变化特征差异较大,缺乏相似性,而铵态氮含量的季节变化特征尽管差异较大,但存在一定相似性;二者不同土层硝态氮和铵态氮含量季节变化特征的差异主要与不同生长期植物吸收作用、融雪补给、大气氮沉降、冻层深度、土壤结构和水分条件的差异有关;不同土层硝态氮淋失、对铵态氮的吸附以及不同时期有机氮矿化和硝化-反硝化作用等进行的程度对其也有重要影响;尽管硝态氮和铵态氮含量的季节变化特征在两种土壤不同土层间差别较大,但均可用四次多项式进行模拟,模拟效果比较理想,基本反映了二者硝态氮和铵态氮含量的季节变化特征。图2,表2,参14。Two typical soils （ meadow marsh soil and humus marsh soil） , located in zones different in moisture regime in Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland of Sanjiang Plain, were selected as the study objects, and the seasonal change characteristics of nitrate nitrogen （ NO3-N） and ammonia nitrogen （ NH4＋ -N） contents in them were contrastively studied. Results showed that the seasonal change char- acteristics of NO3 -N contents in different layers of the two typical soils were significantly different, with lacked similarity. Comparatively, although the seasonal change characteristics of NH4 -N contents in the two typical soils had differences, some similarities also could be found between them. In general, the differences of seasonal change characteristics of NO3-N and NHf -N contents in different layers of the two typical soils mainly con＇elated with plant absorption in different growth periods, thaw supplement, atmospheric nitrogen （N） deposition, frozen soil depth, soil structure and water conditions. In addition, the NO3 -N leaching, NH4 -N adsorption,organic N min- eralization and nitrification-denitrification in different soil layers also had significant effect on the seasonal change characteristics of NO3 -N and NHf-N contents. Although the seasonal change characteristics of NO3- -N and NHf -N contents in different layers of the two typical soils had significant differences, they all could be fitted by four-order polynomial, and these models gave a good fit, reflecting the seasonal change characteristics of NO3 -N and NH4＋ -N contents in the two typical soils.

关 键 词：硝态氮 铵态氮 土壤 小叶章湿地 三江平原 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]