阶梯气隙结构对U型单相永磁电机自起动性能的影响  

Influence of step-air gap on line-start performance of U-shape single-phase permanent magnet motors

作　　者：付敏[1,2] 于长胜[2] 白宏哲[2] 高金龙[2] 李婧一[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学电气工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2010年第6期39-44,共6页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后基金项目(LBH-Z06098)

摘　　要：针对单相永磁同步电机不能自行起动的问题,采用阶梯气隙结构,使电机静止时在定位转矩的作用下定转子磁场之间存在相位差角,从而实现自起动。利用二维有限元计算的方法,分析阶梯气隙结构对电机电枢磁场和永磁体磁场的影响。针对永磁磁场,利用虚位移法对电机转子在不同位置时的定位转矩进行计算,求得永磁电机的转子初始相位角。得到一系列有关定位转矩、初始相位角与阶梯气隙结构参数之间的关系曲线。利用时步有限元法对U型单相永磁同步电机的起动过程进行动态模拟仿真,通过转速曲线证明了合理的阶梯气隙结构有利于永磁电机实现自起动。For the problem that the single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor has no capability self-starting,the structure with a step-airgap is adopted.Under the effect of locating torque,there will be a phase angle existing between the rotor and stator magnetic field,so as to achieve a self-starter.By u-sing 2D-FEM,it analyzed the influence of the step-airgap structure on armature field and permanent mag-net field.The locating torques of motor in different rotor positions were determined from the analysis of the permanent magnet field by methods of virtual displacement,from which the initial phase angle of per-manent magnet motor was obtained.On this basis,a series of curves that describe the relationships a-mong the locating torque,phase angle and step-airgap structural parameters were obtained.At the same time,starting processes of U-shaped single-phase permanent magnet motors were simulated by using time-step FEM.The speed curves testified that the rational step-airgap structural is benificial to the self-start-ing permanent of magnet motor.

关 键 词：单相永磁电机 自起动 定位转矩 阶梯气隙 有限元法 

分 类 号：TM312[电气工程—电机]