再分析资料中可降水量与地面水汽压关系检验  

Validation of the Relationship between Precipitable Water and Surface Vapor Pressure by Means of Reanalysis Data

作　　者：张凯静[1,2] 戴新刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚气候-环境重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第18期9665-9671,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40775048);国家基础重点规划项目(2006CB400504);科技支撑项目(2007BAC294)

摘　　要：利用ERA-40、JRA-25、NCEP/NCAR、NCEP/DOE4种再分析资料,计算了各种时空尺度的可降水量(W)与地面水汽压(e)的关系式,通过对比不同资料W-e关系式,验证再分析资料可降水量数据的可信度,为其应用提供依据和参考。结果表明:①在中国区域内,ERA-40再分析资料W-e关系式与探空资料W-e关系式最接近,ERA-40再分析资料可降水量数据可信度高于其他再分析资料。②对比全球范围内4种再分析资料W-e关系式发现,年平均W-e关系式在中纬度地区差异较小,低纬度和高纬度地区差异较大;季节平均W-e关系式在北半球中纬度地区春、秋、冬三季差异较小,夏季差异较大。因此北半球中纬度地区春、秋、冬三季,再分析资料可降水量数据可信度较高,其他区域和季节可降水量数据可信度较低。③不同年份间,NCEP/NCAR、NCEP/DOE再分析资料W-e关系式稳定性较好,而ERA-40、JRA-25再分析资料W-e关系式稳定性较差。By means of ERA-40,JRA-25,NCEP/NCAR and NCEP/DOE reanalysis data,the empirical regressions between the precipitable water and surface vapor pressure were calculated.In order to provide basis and reference for reasonable application,the empirical regressions of different reanalysis data were compared to validate the reliability of precipitable water from reanalysis data.The results showed that in the region of China,compared with other reanalysis data,the empirical regression of ERA-40 was closest to the air sounding data＇s and the precipitable water from ERA-40 was most credible.The worldwide comparison of empirical regressions between four kinds of reanalysis data showed that the differences of empirical regressions calculated between annual mean precipitable water and surface vapor pressure were small at mid-latitude regions and large at low-latitude and high-latitude regions.At mid-latitude regions of Northern Hemisphere,the differences of the empirical regression calculated between seasonal mean precipitable water and surface vapor pressure were small in spring,autumn and winter except in summer.Therefore,the reliability of precipitable water from reanalysis data were high in spring,autumn and winter at mid-latitude regions of northern hemisphere,and low in other areas and seasons.Among different years,empirical regressions of NCEP/NCAR,NCEP/DOE reanalysis data had good stability,however,empirical regression of ERA-40、JRA-25 reanalysis had poor stability.

关 键 词：再分析资料 地面水汽压 可降水量 统计关系 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]