小麦叶片力学性能及其微观结构研究  

Study on Mechanical Properties and Micro-structure of Wheat Leaves

作　　者：郭维俊[1] 王芬娥[2] 黄高宝[2] 马守才[1] 郭兰中[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州工业高等专科学校,兰州市730050 [2]甘肃农业大学,兰州市730070

出　　处：《中国农机化》2010年第4期68-70,77,共4页Chinese Agricul Tural Mechanization

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2002AA623191);甘肃省教育厅科技计划资助项目(200418)

摘　　要：测定了小麦成熟期叶片的力学性能,研究了叶片的"应力—应变"规律;实验观察了叶片的微观组织结构,得到了叶片扫描电镜下的解剖构造图像;分析了小麦叶片承载能力与微观组织结构之间的相互关系,建立了叶片横截面的力学模型。结果表明:小麦叶片是一种典型的多相、筛状、不连续、不均匀、各向异性的复合材料,叶片具有一定的强度和良好的弹性,其承载能力取决于厚壁机械组织的厚度和维管束组织的数量,以及各组织及其细胞之间的连接形式和连接强度,其纵向拉伸强度σb≈3.52～5.48MPa、横向撕裂强度σb≈0.30～0.58MPa。The mechanical properties of wheat leaves in mature were tested, and the curves on stress - strain of wheat leaves were measured by the electronic testing machine CMT2502. The micro - structure of wheat leaves was observation, and the SEM images of wheat leaves were got by scanning electron microscope. The relation between mechanical properties and micro - structure of wheat leaves was analyzed, and mechanical model of wheat leaf was established in this paper. The results show that wheat leaves is a typical porous, no - continuous, no - homo- geneous and anisotropic composite material. Wheat leaves have enough strength and good flexibility, and its carrying capacity depends on the thickness of thick - walled cells and the numbers of vascular bundles, as well as the connection forms and strength of cells in leaves. Longitudinal and transverse strength of wheat leaves are σb ≈3.52 - 5.48MPa and σb ≈0. 30 -0. 58MPa respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 叶片 力学性能 微观结构 

分 类 号：S12[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q947.6[生物学—植物学]