阿海水库水温数值预测研究  

ON TEMPERATURE NUMERICAL PREDICTION IN AHAI RESERVOIR

作　　者：任华堂[1] 夏建新[1] 陶亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学环境科学系,北京100081

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2010年第7期814-820,共7页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50909108);北京高等学校化学实验教学示范中心建设项目(2008);中央民族大学本科专业建设项目(2008);中央民族大学教学改革项目(2008)

摘　　要：阿海水电站是金沙江中游梯级电站之一,电站水库水深较大,枯水年易形成水温分层,造成库区和下游河道的水温环境大幅变化,对水环境产生不利影响。建立三维水温模型,利用实验室异重流资料验证了模型在分层流动计算中的可靠性,在此基础上利用该模型对阿海水库枯水年水温分布进行数值预测。研究表明：（1）冬季和春季由于上游来水温度较低,库首形成弱分层,4月份垂向温差最大为4.59℃;（2）库区下泄水温随时间的变化过程与天然情况相比出现了滞后性,2~3月份下泄水温有所降低,9月~翌年1月份下泄水温有所增高;（3）水库蓄水后,冬季水温极小值有所增高,在11、12月份温差分别为2.30和2.09℃。Ahai Hydropower Station is one of hydropower stations in the middle Jinshajiang River.Ahai Reservoir is very deep and inclined to form temperature stratification,which will change the water temperature significantly and bring disadvantage to the water environment.The temperature distribution of Ahai Reservoir in dry year was predicted by a 3D numerical model,which was verified through stratified current experimental data.The result shows：（1）the head area is in weak stratification state in winter and spring because of the low temperature of upstream flow.The maximal vertical temperature difference is 4.59℃ in April.（2）the temperature process of released water is lagged behind the natural process.The temperature will be lower between Feb.and Mar.but it will be higher between Sep.and Jan.the next year.（3）The minimal water temperature is increased after the reservoir stores water.The differences are 2.30 and 2.09℃ in Nov.and Dec.respectively.

关 键 词：阿海水库 数值模型 水温预测 

分 类 号：TV697.21[水利工程—水利水电工程]