红土镍矿真空碳热还原脱镁的热力学研究  

Thermodynamic study on carbothermic reduction process for magnesium removal from nickel laterite under vacuum

作　　者：徐宝强[1,2,3] 裴红彬[1] 杨斌[1,2,3] 刘大春[1,2,3] 曲涛[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《轻金属》2010年第7期48-52,共5页Light Metals

基　　金：NSCF-云南省联合基金;项目编号:u0837604

摘　　要：高镁低品位红土镍矿开发利用的关键在于提取镍的同时,重视金属镁等金属的综合回收利用。本文从热力学角度针对真空碳热还原红土镍矿脱除金属镁的过程进行了分析及能耗估算,探索处理红土镍矿的新工艺的热力学可行性。热力学计算表明,真空碳热还原红土镍矿脱除金属镁是可行的。当体系压强100Pa左右的条件下,MgO被还原的温度大于1478K,Ni、Fe以及部分硅将优先被还原为金属;过程能耗理论估算表明:当红土镍矿∶煤炭(质量比)=100∶42,1600K^1800K条件下还原处理1吨红土镍矿,需消耗1.12吨~1.17吨标准煤。The overall utilization of magnesium and other metals should be systematically considered during the exploration of deficient nickel laterite.In this paper,the thermodynamic analysis of the carbothermic reduction process for extracting metal magnesium from nickel laterite in vacuum was carried out to investigate its feasibility.The calculation results indicate that it is feasible technically that the carbothermic reduction process for extracting metal magnesium from nickel laterite in vacuum.At 100Pa,carbothermic reduction temperature of MgO will be higher than 1478K,NiO、FeO2、Fe2O3 and SiO2 will be reduced to corresponding metals prior to MgO.The theoretical energy consumption for this carbothermic process of laterite is in the range of 1.12～1.17tons of standard coal when laterite：carbon =100∶42 wt% in 1600K～1800K.

关 键 词：红土镍矿 碳热还原 真空冶金 镁脱除 热力学 

分 类 号：TF814[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]