取代度和改性MMT对纤维素基高吸水性纳米复合材料性能的影响  

Effects of DS and different modified MMT on properties of superabsorbent nanocomposites

作　　者：鲍艳[1] 李娜[1,2] 马建中[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《功能材料》2010年第7期1294-1298,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2008AA03Z311);陕西科技大学博士科研启动基金资助项目(BJ09-01);陕西科技大学研究生创新基金;陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(09JK344)

摘　　要：以麦秸秆为原料制备羧甲基纤维素(CMC),采用水溶性丙烯酸类单体对其接枝共聚,并添加不同有机季铵盐插层改性的蒙脱土(MMT),通过原位插层聚合制备CMC/丙烯酸类聚合物/OMMT高吸水性纳米复合材料。考察了碱和氯乙酸用量对CMC取代度和增重率的影响,探讨了CMC取代度与产物接枝率、接枝效率、吸水率之间的关系,分析了不同季铵盐改性MMT对材料性能的影响。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射等对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征,结果表明,在OMMT存在的条件下,CMC与丙烯酸类单体成功发生了接枝聚合;随着季铵阳离子碳链取代基的体积增大,改性蒙脱土的层间距越大;所制备的纳米复合材料属于剥离型纳米复合材料。The wheat straws were used as raw material for carboxymethylcellulose（CMC）.Then CMC/acrylic polymer/OMMT superabsorbent nanocomposites were synthesized using OMMT organised with various organic quaternary ammonium cations via in-situ polymerization of CMC,acrylic polymer.Effects of alkali dosage and chloroacetic acid dosage on DS and weight percentage gain（WPG） of CMC,and the relationships among DS,graft ratio,graft efficiency and water-absorption were investigated.It analyzed the influence of OMMT modified by various quaternary ammonium salts on properties of nanocomposites.The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.CMC and monomers has polymerized in the layer of OMMT successfully.The bigger volume of substituents of quaternary ammonium cations,the greater the distance between layers.The nanocomposite formed could be categorized as an exfoliated nanocomposite.

关 键 词：羧甲基纤维素 蒙脱土 丙烯酸类单体 纳米复合材料 高吸水性树脂 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]