冬灌对农牧交错带人工草地越冬期土壤水热状况的影响  

Effects of winter irrigation on soil moisture and thermal condition of artificial grassland during the winter in agro-pastoral ecotone of China

作　　者：李子忠[1] 王皓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第4期7-13,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30100128和30471228);国家科技部科技支撑项目(2006BAD16B01)

摘　　要：通过2005-2007年2个越冬期的田间试验,利用烘干法和时域反射仪测定的土壤总含水量和液态含水量,土壤温度探头测定土壤温度,结合气象资料,分析了处于华北农牧交错带的坝上地区冬灌对越冬期土壤水热动态状况的影响机制,进一步分析了冬灌对土壤水热状况的作用。结果表明,冬灌使土壤入冬时冻结较慢,入春时融化也较慢;冬灌可以缓冲土壤温度的剧烈变化,入冬时使土壤温度降低较慢,入春时使土壤温度的升高也较慢,显著提高表层土壤在入冬和越冬期的温度,有利于牧草的越冬;整个越冬期各处理的土壤总贮水量变化微弱,冬灌的土壤剖面水分优势可以持续到第二年作物返青。Field experiments were carried out in Bashang plateau in the agro-pastoral transition zone of North China during two winter periods of 2005～2007.The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of winter irrigation on soil moisture and thermal condition in winter based on data of total water content by the oven-dried method,unfrozen water content by time domain reflectometry（TDR）,soil thermal condition by thermistors,and meteorological data.The results showed that,winter irrigation delayed the freezing process at the beginning of winter and thawing process at the beginning of spring.And winter irrigation also delayed the change of soil temperature because it resulted in soil temperature decreasing slowly in freezing soil and increasing slowly in thawing soil,so winter irrigation kept high soil temperature in winter and decreased the risk of frozen injury.The total water storage before and after winter changed little,as winter irrigation improved soil water condition largely and this effect was kept until next spring.

关 键 词：冬灌 越冬期 土壤水热状况 坝上地区 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S152.8[农业科学—农业基础科学]