四川丘陵区保护性耕作对土壤水分和油菜产量的影响  

The effect of conservational farming on soil water and oil-seed rape yield in hilly area of Sichuan

作　　者：赵小蓉[1] 陈曦 王昌桃[1] 赵燮京[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066 [2]大英县农业局,四川大英629307

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第4期169-172,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD29B08);四川省公益性科技攻关项目(2007NGY001)

摘　　要：通过四川丘陵区3处理3重复的4年定位试验,研究了保护性耕作栽培与传统耕作栽培模式对土壤水分及油菜产量的影响。结果表明：覆盖处理对土壤有较好的保墒作用,在油菜整个生育期,覆盖处理土壤水分含量均高于翻耕不覆盖处理（CK）,土壤水分增加幅度为4.9%-12.8%,达到极显著水平;油菜苔花期覆盖处理（翻耕覆盖、免耕覆盖）的土壤水分比翻耕不覆盖处理（CK）平均分别增加4.1%、7.6%,增加幅度为2.2%-12.2%。覆盖处理有利于增加油菜单株角果数,覆盖处理的油菜单株角果数比翻耕不覆盖（CK）增加2.5%-10.4%;保护性耕作对油菜增产作用明显,覆盖处理比翻耕不覆盖（CK）平均分别增产6.0%、10.5%,增产幅度为3.8-12.6%,均达到极显著水平,油菜单株角果数的增加对油菜增产有重要的作用。Through a four-year experiment in oil-seed rape field located in hilly area of Sichuan,we studied the effect of different farming patterns（3 treatments with 3 replicates） on soil moisture and rape yield.The results indicated that the straw covering treatment could help the soil hold water.During the growth period of rape,the soil water content of the field treated by straw covering is 4.9% to 12.8% higher than that of the field treated by non-straw covering.During the flowering period of rape,the soil water content of the field treated by straw covering is 2.2% to 12.2% higher than that of the field treated by non-straw covering.The results also indicated that the straw covering treatment is propitious to the increase of rape pod number.The pod number of each rape in the straw covering farming increased by 2.5% to 10.4% compared with that in the tillage non-straw covering farming.The conservational farming method increased the rape yield significantly.When compared with the tillage non-straw covering farming,the rape yield in two different types of straw covering farming increased averagely by 6.0% and 10.5%.The increase of rape yield ranged from 3.8% to 12.6% mainly due to the increased number of rape pods.

关 键 词：四川丘陵区 保护性耕作 土壤水分 油菜产量 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S565.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]