嫁接对黄瓜土壤生化特性的影响  

Effects of grafting on cucumber soil biochemistry

作　　者：董林林[1] 左元梅[1] 李晓林[1] 王倩[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2010年第4期51-56,共6页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA6B03);北京市自然科学基金项目(6091001);国家"十一五"科技攻关项目(2006BAD07B03)

摘　　要：利用3室根箱栽培黄瓜自根苗(CK)、嫁接苗,研究2者根系分泌物对正茬土、连作土不同土层土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,嫁接增加连作土与正茬土中微生物总量、细菌及放线菌数量,减少了真菌数量并增强了土壤中多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性;嫁接对距根表大于5 cm的土层改善效果不明显。除此之外,嫁接对生茬土的效果明显好于连作土。试验结果说明,嫁接可以改变根表附近微生物种群数量和结构,增加有益菌数量,增强土壤酶活性,从而减轻设施黄瓜的连作障碍,嫁接对土壤不同土层的化感作用随着距根表的距离增加而减小。Effects of cucumber seedling extractions and graft seedling on microbe quantity and enzyme activities in different soil layers were observed by three equipment of root box in general rotation and continuous growing soils.The results showed that grafting could increase the total number of microflora,bacteria and actinomyce,decrease the number of fungi and enhance the activities of polyhenol oxidase,catalase,urease and saccharase;allelopathic potential of grafting on different soil layers were decreased by the increasing form from the root in contrast with control.In addition,effects of grafting were more significant in general rotation that in continuous soils.The results indicated that grafting changed the microbial community,increased the number of benefit microflora,and enhanced soil enzyme activities in near soil layers from root which reduced continuous cropping obstacles,while amendment of grafting on far 5 cm soil layers were not significant.

关 键 词：黄瓜 化感作用 嫁接 连作障碍 

分 类 号：S641[农业科学—蔬菜学]