负水头灌溉对温室番茄植株蒸腾规律的影响  

Effects of Negative Hydraulic Head Irrigation Method on Transpiration of Tomato In Greenhouse

作　　者：张伟娟[1,2] 李邵[2] 胡跃高[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第15期103-108,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD15B02);国家863项目(2010AA10A301)

摘　　要：利用Flow32茎流计分别测定负水头灌溉和常规灌溉方式下的番茄植株蒸腾速率,探讨负水头灌溉方式对番茄植株蒸腾影响及植株蒸腾速率与太阳辐射强度之间的关系,同时分析了负水头灌溉下植株一天不同时刻耗水量差异和负水头灌溉对水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,负水头灌溉下的番茄植株蒸腾速率要大于常规漫灌,但两种灌溉方式有着相同的变化趋势,植株的蒸腾速率主要受太阳辐射强度的影响;负水头灌溉方式能为作物适时适量提供水分,且有效地减少无效地表蒸发和地下深层渗漏,提高了作物的水分利用效率。By using Flow32 stem flow gauge to measure the tomato plant transpiration under negative pressure irrigation and normal irrigation, the effects of negative hydraulic head irrigation methods on transpiration of tomato and the relationship between plant sap flow and solar radiation intensity were discussed, the variation of water consume on different time and the effects of negative hydraulic head irrigation method on water use efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that plant transpiration under negative hydraulic head irrigation was bigger than the plant under normal irrigation, but the plant transpiration change ruler under two irrigation methods was same, the plant transpiration was influenced by solar radiation intensity; the negative hydraulic head irrigation method could supply water to plant effectively, the irrigation method could reduce invalid soil surface evaporation and underground leakage, and the water use efficiency was increased under the negative hydraulic head irrigation.

关 键 词：负水头灌溉 常规灌溉 茎流 番茄 蒸腾速率 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S275.9[农业科学—农艺学]