土壤空间变异下田间降雨入渗率的分布特性  

Characteristics of the infiltration rate distribution in spatial variable soil field

作　　者：付湘[1] 谈广鸣[1] 胡铁松[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第7期795-802,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50739003)

摘　　要：本文通过Green-Ampt模型矩形剖面的假定来近似土壤水分运动方程,结合土壤地表饱和导水率的空间分布、降雨强度和历时,将土壤地表分为饱和区和非饱和区,根据各区对应的降雨阶段地表自由入渗状态、自由与积水综合入渗状态以及退水阶段的上边界条件,分别推导出各阶段相应的土壤剖面的降雨入渗率的解析解以及平均降雨入渗量的时空变化过程。研究成果为土壤地表空间变异下降雨、入渗和径流之间的关系以及土壤剖面水流的滞后现象提供具有物理基础的计算方法。Solution of the soil water movement equation is approximated by the assumption of rectangle profile of Green-Ampt model. The soil surface is divided into saturated area and unsaturated area combined with the spatial distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity, rainfall intensity and duration. The analytical solution of infiltration rate and spatio-temporal distribution of average infiltration rate in soil profile are derived for the buildup and recession of soil water flow according to the pre-ponding and post-ponding state of the soil surface. The results obtained provide physical basis of calculation method for rainfall-infiltration-runoff relation and hysteresis of soil water flow under spatial variable field.

关 键 词：饱和导水率 空间变异 降雨入渗率 Green—Ampt模型 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]