硅钙质中低品位磷矿的物化性质及选矿分离研究  

Physicochemical Characteristics and Mineral Separation of A Phosphate Rock with Siliceous and Carbonates Gangues

作　　者：郭芳[1] 李军[1] 李维[1] 姚卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2010年第4期170-175,共6页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAE58B01)

摘　　要：对一种硅钙质中低品位磷矿的物化性质进行分析,在此基础上研究适合该类矿石的选矿分离方法。结果显示该矿主要含氟磷灰石、石英和方解石。有部分碳酸根离子进入磷灰石晶体结构,替代磷酸根离子。矿石表面元素与体相元素的含量差异显著,尤其是Si和C元素。随着矿石粒径的减小,体相中磷含量的变化趋势与酸不溶物含量和高温烧失率的变化规律相反,说明磷酸盐与脉石矿物富集在不同粒径的颗粒中。对低品位、高比表面积的细粒径矿石,采用浮选法可进一步除去高含量的硅质脉石,使P2O5含量提高近4%,且P2O5回收率大都保持在80%左右。pH条件的选择与钙质脉石有关,由于矿石表面存在方解石覆盖石英的可能,酸性和弱酸性环境更有利于该矿的浮选。The physicochemical properties and mineral separation of a phosphate rock with siliceous and carbonates gangues were investigated. The results showed that this ore mainly contains flour apatite,calcite and quartz. The partial substitution of （ CO3）^ 2- for （ PO4）^ 3- exists. There are Ca,P,O,Si and C elements on the rock surface,and their amounts are different from those in the bulk,especially the Si and C elements. The P2O5 content tends to firstly increase and then decrease with the reduction of ore particle size. However the contents of A. I and L. O. I show a trend of first decrease and then increase. This indicated that the phosphate and gangue minerals are upgraded in different size particles. For fine ore particles with low P2O5 content,a reverse flotation with cationic collector was employed to separate quartz. The P2O5 grade is increased by 4% and high P2O5 recovery with 80% are obtained. Owing to the existence of carbonates gangues,the acid or weak acid conditions are suitable for flotation.

关 键 词：氟磷灰石 物化性质 选矿 浮选 

分 类 号：O647.3[理学—物理化学] TD91[理学—化学]