蒙古国南部欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿田找矿勘查与成矿理论研究新进展  

New Advancements in Exploration Practice & Theoretical Studies of the Oyu Tolgoi Copper(Gold) Orefield in the Southern Mongolia

作　　者：张新元[1] 聂秀兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100037 [2]河北邯郸学院,河北邯郸056005

出　　处：《地球学报》2010年第3期373-382,共10页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑课题(编号:2007BAB25B02);地质调查项目(编号:1212010911029)联合资助

摘　　要：蒙古国南部的欧玉陶勒盖铜（金）矿田是本世纪初找到的世界级超大型铜（金）矿田。该矿田目前获得的铜（金）矿石总资源量（以铜当量0.6%为边界品位）为35亿吨;铜和金的金属资源量分别为3580万吨和1280吨,平均品位分别为1.022%和0.37×10^-6（金最高品位51.6×10^-6）;另有推测的11万吨钼资源量（平均品位142×10^-6）。该矿田已探明8个矿床（点）,这些矿床的边界大多还未封闭,还可以在各个方向上继续拓展资源量。目前,欧玉陶勒盖铜（金）矿田已进入开发阶段,预计2013年投入商业化开采。经研究认为,欧玉陶勒盖成矿构造＂走廊＂目前发现的这8个矿床（点）可能代表了同一期斑岩铜（金）矿化,只是它们被后来的断裂作用、岩墙贯入作用,以及成矿后的岩浆侵入活动所分割开。铜（金）矿化在泥盆纪火山-沉积岩中产出,并且主要与海西期的构造岩浆活动有密切的时空分布关系;其成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征与全球典型的斑岩型铜（金）矿床相吻合,属于斑岩型铜（金）矿田。辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素年龄373-370Ma,代表了斑岩铜矿化的形成时间;两件明矾石样品K-Ar年龄为117Ma和93Ma,代表了表生阶段的铜矿化年代范围。勘查实践表明,地面高精度磁法和激发激化法的组合勘查方法对于该斑岩型铜（金）矿床的勘查非常有效。中蒙矿产地质对比研究成果认为,欧玉陶勒盖铜（金）矿床所在的成矿带已延伸到我国境内的内蒙古阿拉善—北山地区。认真分析研究欧玉陶勒盖找矿勘查经验,将为在我国境内实现铜（金）矿产找矿突破提供科学依据。The Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold porphyry deposits system in the Turquoise Hill in the Gobi region of the Southern Mongolia is a world-scale super-large copper-gold orefield first discovered in the beginning of this century.Geological exploration results reveal that the present explored gross copper-gold ore resource reaches 3.5 billion tonnes（CuEq at 0.6% as cut-off）;the metal resources of copper and gold in the orefield have reached respectively 35.80 million tonnes and 1280 tonnes with average grades respectively at 1.022% and 0.37×10^-6（the highest gold grade at 51.6×10^-6）,in addition to the inferred molybdenum metal resources of 110,000 tonnes averagely grading at 142×10^-6.The Oyu Tolgoi orefield has discovered 8 explored copper-gold porphyry deposits（occurrence）;and behind all these figures,the most significant fact is that all the 8 deposits（occurrence） are mostly open to expansion in all directions;that means a tremendous prospective of the Turquoise Hill.Presently,the the deposits are under exploitation and the commercial mining is reportedly scheduled in 2013.Some experts believe that the Oyu Tolgoi metallogenic structural corridor,embracing the 8 deposits（occurrence）,may represent one single zone of porphyry mineralization,cut by later faults,dykes,and post-mineral intrusions.Research has indicated that the copper-gold mineralization occurs in the Devonian volcanic-sedimentary rocks,and is intimately related to the Hercynian tectonic-magmatic activities in time and space.The geological background of mineralization and the mineral property features of the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold orefield coincide with that of the typical porphyry copper-gold deposits worldwide;and the orefield can thus be classified as the porphyry type copper-gold deposits.The Re-Os isotopic ages of 373-370 Ma from the molybdenite sample stand for the epoch of the porphyry copper mineralization;while the K-Ar ages of 117 Ma and 93 Ma from the two alum samples stand for the time span of copper mineralization in the sup

关 键 词：南蒙古 欧玉陶勒盖 斑岩型铜(金)矿床 海西期岩浆活动 地质特征 

分 类 号：P631.221[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P631.324[天文地球—地质学]