北京市区苔藓植物空间分布与环境关系的研究  

Relationship between Bryophytes Distribution and Environmental Factors in Urban Beijing

作　　者：刘欣超[1] 邵小明[1] 姜炎彬[1] 孙宇[1] 胡伟毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100193

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2010年第2期171-178,共8页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(0830630)

摘　　要：在2006年10月至2007年10月期间,对北京市五环路内及附近部分区域的苔藓群落进行了调查,共调查了31个地点、164个样地,采集苔藓植物标本327份。经整理鉴定,调查区有苔藓植物12科24属55种,其中阔叶小石藓(Weisia planifolia)和立碗藓(Physcomitrium sphaericum)等种类为调查区的广布种。通过对调查区同类型、不同地点苔藓植物多样性指数分析,发现北京市苔藓植物的分布特点为城西、城北苔藓植物多样性高于城东、城南。用典范对应分析法(CCA)分析27个样地中的20种地面生苔藓植物的盖度与主要环境因子的关系,结果表明,土壤含水量、距主干道距离、人为踩踏、土壤pH值、林木郁闭度等环境因子对北京市苔藓植物的分布有显著影响,其中土壤含水量、土壤pH值对苔藓植物分布的影响最为显著,北京市区大多数常见苔藓种类喜生于土壤含水量较高、偏酸性的环境。We studied the relationship between bryophytes distribution and urban environment in an area of Beijing.A total of 327 bryophyte specimens were collected from 164 plots of 31 sites along the fifth ring road and surrounding area in Beijing.The Shannon-Wiener indexes of bryophyte diversity in the different study sites were analyzed.Canonical Correspondence Analysis （CCA） was used to evaluate the ecological relationship between 20 species and their environmental factors in 27 simple sites.Some 55 taxa of bryophyte species,belonging to 24 genera and 12 families,were identified in the research area.Among them,Weisia planifolia and Physcomitrium sphaericum are widely distributed in Beijing.The results showed that bryophyte species richness in the north and west areas of Beijing were higher than in the south and east.The soil water content,distance to highroad,human disturbance,soil acidity,and canopy density distinctly influenced bryophyte distribution.Soil water content and soil acidity had the strongest influence on the distribution of bryophytes,with the most common species preferring moist acid soil.

关 键 词：苔藓植物 环境因子 典范对应分析法(CCA) 北京市 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]