实时控制实现短程硝化过程中种群结构的演变  

Assessment of partial nitrification achieved by real-time aeration duration control through microbial population shift using FISH and SEM

作　　者：郭建华[1] 王淑莹[2] 郑雅楠[2] 彭永臻[1,2] 刘洋 孙治荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124 [3]中国水务控股有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2010年第8期1259-1263,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA06Z319);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50778005);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目(QAK200802)

摘　　要：为了考察实时控制下实现短程硝化过程中硝化污泥种群结构的演变,采用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)和扫描电镜(SEM)对处理生活污水的序批式反应器内污泥进行了跟踪观测.结果表明:通过检测pH曲线上的"氨谷"特征点快速启动了短程硝化,短程硝化维持期间亚硝化积累率平均在93%左右.接种污泥形态多样,含长杆、短杆及球状菌,而随着运行的延续,污泥形态呈现了向短杆状、球状转变的态势.实时控制下反应器内亚硝酸氧化菌(NOB)逐渐被淘洗,而氨氧化菌(AOB)得到了富集.从短程硝化启动初期到短程硝化稳定运行102d,AOB的相对数量从3.5%逐渐上升到8.5%,而对应的NOB相对数量从3.1%下降至0.5%以下.利用好氧曝气时间实时控制实现短程硝化是一种面向种群优化的控制方法,有利于短程硝化系统长期稳定的运行.The shift of nitrifier population within a partial nitrification reactor was investigated using fluorescence in-situ hybridization（FISH） techniques and the floc morphology was observed using scan electron microscope（SEM）.Partial nitrification to nitrite was achieved quickly by using real-time aeration duration control when domestic wastewater was treated in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor（SBR）.The average nitrite accumulation ratio was above 93%.The morphology photographs observed using SEM indicated that the sludge showed a shift towards spherical and small rod-shaped clusters from the diverse morphology.FISH analysis showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） gradually out-competed nitrite-oxidizing bacteria（NOB）.AOB population percentage increased from 3.5%（during the start-up period） to 8.5%（after achieving nitritation for 102 days）,while NOB population percentage decreased from 3.1% to less than 0.5%.Accordingly,the long-term operation with the use of real-time aeration duration control was not only favorable for AOB community optimisation,but also for the achievement of partial nitrification in practice.

关 键 词：短程硝化 氨氧化菌 荧光原位杂交 扫描电镜 种群优化 实时控制 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]