2种盐生植物根系的适盐特性  

Characteristics of Root Systems of Two Halophytes for Adaptability to Salinity

作　　者：高瑞如[1,2] 赵瑞华[1] 杜新民[1] 黄振英[2] 杨学军[2] 魏学智[1] 黄培祐[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,临汾041004 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [3]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第7期176-182,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30570281;30872074);国家科技基础条件平台建设子项目(2005DKA21006)

摘　　要：植物在吸收水分和营养物质的过程中,根系起关键性作用（Satomura et al.,2006）,同时根系在土壤中的分布格局反映出植物的生态适应对策（Hartlea et al．，2006），这种对策在逆境中表现为增加其生存的机会（冯锋等，2000）。Halocnemum strobilaceum and Kalidium foliatum are two dominant species in halophytic plant communities in Xinjiang. The strong adaptability to salinity is probably related to the characteristics of their root systems. The field investigation and laboratory analysis were used to examine the distribution patterns of root systems,the water content of different diameter roots,and the ion contents in soil,root xylem and cortex of the two halophytes. Results showed that the roots of H. strobilaceum and K. foliatum vertically distributed as deep as 70 and 80 cm soil layers,and most roots distributed in 30-60 and 20-50 cm depths respectively. Roots horizontal distribution of the two species all exceeded 140 cm. The distribution pattern of root fresh weight in soil was similar to that of root length density. pH value,and the contents of salt and water in different edaphic layers may influence the pattern of root distribution. As for H. strobilaceum, the root length of diameter less than 0. 3 cm accounted for only 10. 33% of total root length,and the mean water content in root cortex with the root diameter from 0. 3 cm to 0. 5 cm was highest （78. 10% ）. As for K. foliatum,the root length of diameter less than 0. 2 cm was 7. 81% of total root length,and the mean water content in root cortex of the root diameter from 0. 5 cm to 0. 6 cm was highest （68. 01% ）,suggesting that the high water content in root cortex may contribute to the adaptability to saline. In both species,the contents of Cl-,SO42-,Mg2 ＋ ,and Ca2 ＋ in root cortex and xylem were relatively high and positively correlated with these ions in soil. With the exception of Ca2 ＋ ,the contents of other ions were insignificantly different （P 0. 05 ） between root cortex and xylem. It is suggested that the high content of Ca2 ＋ may promote plants adapting to the saline soil.

关 键 词：盐生植物 盐节木 盐爪爪 根长密度 根生物量 离子含量 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学] Q945.12[生物学—植物学]