敦煌市生态系统服务价值评估及区域可持续发展研究  

Service Value of the Ecosystem and Regional Sustainable Development of Dunhuang City

作　　者：马利邦[1] 牛叔文[1] 杨丽娜[1] 马莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院/西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2010年第4期294-300,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：甘肃省发展和改革委员会重大项目(GV2007-08)

摘　　要：以1987、1996和2007年3期Landsat-5TM遥感影像解译的土地利用/覆盖类型数据为基础,结合实地取样,建立经验模型估算敦煌市地表生物量,并分直接使用价值和间接使用价值2大类估算生态系统的服务价值。结果表明,近20a来,研究区域耕作区、城建用地和无植被区面积净增,其他地类面积净减。表明人工生态系统面积扩大,植被覆盖空间范围收缩,生态环境明显退化。估算得到的敦煌市地表生物量共减少170856.52t,年均减少5.82‰;生态系统总价值共减少43127.45万元,年均减少5.17‰。其中,人工生态系统占总价值的比例由1987年的12.06%增至2007年的25.91%,增加趋势明显,而自然生态系统的价值大幅度减少。在水资源约束的背景下,前者的较快增长是以后者的减少为代价的,表明人类活动已明显影响区域的可持续发展。针对目前的问题,需要从资源合理配置、技术进步、产业结构调整和制度保证等多方面入手,来进行可持续发展实验区的建设。Based on the land use/cover type data,yielded from interpretation of the 1987,1996 and 2007 Landsat-5 TM remote sensing images and field sampling,an empirical model was established to estimate ground biomass,and service value of the ecosystem of Dunhuang by means of sorting it into direct use value and indirect use value.Results show that among the eight land use types,farming land,urban construction land and vegetation-free land have increased in net area,while the other five decreased over the last two decades,which indicate that artificial ecosystem is expanding in area and vegetation shrinking in spatial coverage and as a result the ecosystem is degrading significantly.It was estimated that in Dunhuang the total ground biomass decreased by 170 856.52 t,or by 5.82‰ annually;and the total ecosystem value by 43 127.45 × 104 yuan,or by 5.17‰ annually.The proportion of the artificial ecosystem in the total value increased from 12.06% in 1987 to 25.91% in 2007,showing a clear rising trend,but that of the natural ecosystem dropped drastically.In the context of limited water resources,the rapid growth of the former was achieved at the cost of the latter,which suggests that human activities have significantly affected sustainable development of the region.Aiming at the present problems,we deem it essential to establish a sustainable development experimental zone by proceeding from rational allocation of resources,adjustment of industrial structure,technological progress,institutional guarantee,and so on.

关 键 词：植被覆盖 生物量 生态系统服务价值 可持续发展 土地利用/覆盖 敦煌市 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]