新疆野苹果繁育特性研究  

Study on Reproduction Characteristics for Malus sieversii

作　　者：秦伟[1] 耿文娟[1] 唐芳[1] 廖康[1] 许正 刁永强 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆伊犁园艺技术推广总站,伊宁835000

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2010年第4期317-321,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30660122);教育部博士点基金项目(200708758001)

摘　　要：对新疆野苹果的花部特征、传粉媒介和繁育系统等进行了观察和分析。结果表明,新疆野苹果花部综合特征表现出花粉量较多,花粉活力较强,雌蕊比雄蕊高,且雌雄蕊同熟,上述特点均有利于异花传粉;观察昆虫访花显示蜂类和蝶类是新疆野生苹果的主要访花者;新疆野苹果杂交指数(OCI)为4,花粉—胚珠比(P/O)均高于7000,人工授粉试验结果表明异花授粉座果率最高,其均值为49.3%,最高可达84.7%,方差分析显示以异花结实为主。新疆野苹果属于以异交为主的繁育系统。The present study was set to observe and analyze the flower characteristics,pollination medium and characteristics of breeding system.The result indicated that floral integrative characteristics of Malus sieversii indicated that there were much pollen,the pollen had strong vigour and its pistil was higher than stamen and they both matured at the same period.The above characteristics were advantageous for cross-po-llination.The observation on the spot showed that bees and butlerflies were the main visitors of Malus sieversii,and its hybrid index was four,the ratio of pollen to ovule was both higher by 7000.The experimental results of artificial pollunation showed that the setting percentage with cross-pollunation were the highest,its average value was 49.3%,while the highest average value was 84.7%,its variance analysis showed that Malus sieversii belongs to cross seed setting and cross breeding system.

关 键 词：新疆野苹果 繁育特性 

分 类 号：Q949.751.8[生物学—植物学]