紧急状态下铁路旅客运输径路优化  

Route Optimization for Railway Passengers Transportation under Emergency Conditions

作　　者：刘澜[1] 许乃星[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2010年第4期125-130,共6页China Railway Science

基　　金：四川省学术和技术带头人培养基金资助项目(川人办发[2008]24号)

摘　　要：针对紧急状态下铁路旅客运输的特点,以受灾地区等待疏散客流量和车站设备运输能力为约束条件,以总疏散时间最短为目标函数,建立紧急状态下铁路旅客运输径路优化模型。采用模糊多目标决策方法与多径路搜索算法对模型求解。求解步骤为:运用模糊多目标决策方法,考虑危险程度、疏散运量、车站设备运输能力3个影响因素确定车站径路选择的优先权;采用多径路搜索算法建立相异最短径路集;运用模糊多目标决策方法,综合考虑时间和危险性因素,确定各次列车最优径路。以某地区灾后只剩下3个车站可以正常使用,等待疏散人员580万人为例,运用建立的模型与算法进行计算。结果表明:确定的各车站列车最优径路,能够使受灾地区各车站相互协调,在70h内安全有效地疏散受灾人员。Based on the characteristics of railway passenger transportation under emergency conditions,the route optimization model for railway passenger transportation under emergency conditions was set up with the passenger flow to be evacuated in the disaster-affected area and the transport capacity of station facilities as the constraints,and with the minimum total evacuation time as the objective function. The solutions of the model were worked out by the fuzzy multi-objective decision-making method together with the multi-route searching algorithm. The solving steps were as follows. The priority for route selection in the station was first fixed on with the fuzzy multi-objective decision-making method considering three influencing factors：criticality,evacuation traffic volume and the transport capacity of the station facilities. Then the multi-route searching algorithm was adopted to construct the shortest route set with dissimilarity. Finally the fuzzy multi-objective decision-making method was used to gain the optimal route for each train by combining the time and fatalness factors. Taking certain disaster-affected area for example,there were only three stations left available after the disaster and 5.8 million people to be evacuated. The case study illustrates that the optimal routes of the trains in each station gained with the model and algorithm can make the stations cooperate with each other to safely and effectively evacuate the public in 70 hours.

关 键 词：铁路旅客运输 紧急状态 旅客疏散 运输径路 径路优化 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U298.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]