土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究 Ⅴ.镉在土壤-作物系统中的富集规律与农产品质量安全  

STUDY ON SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS Ⅴ. MODELING OF CADMIUM UPTAKE IN SOIL-CROP SYSTEMS FOR HUMAN FOOD SAFETY IN CHINA

作　　者：张红振[1,2] 骆永明[1,2] 章海波[1] 宋静[1,2] 夏家淇[3] 赵其国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《土壤学报》2010年第4期628-638,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40432005);国家科技部科技支撑项目(2007BAC16B06);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(CXTD-Z2005-4);中荷战略科学联盟项目(2006DFA91940)资助

摘　　要：通过查阅国内现有镉污染农田土壤和作物中镉含量的相关资料,包括近30年来公开发表文献、国家"七五"科技攻关环保项目"土壤环境容量研究"等科研成果,结合本实验室在长江三角洲、珠江三角洲典型地区污染农田调查数据,经筛选后从88组研究中共收集到镉污染农田土壤和作物中镉含量对应数据509对。根据镉盐来源,将收集的数据分为污染农田调查数据和添加镉盐试验数据;根据作物不同,分为水稻、小麦、茎/叶类蔬菜、根菜和果菜地调查数据。采用富集系数和一元回归模型的方法基于土壤镉含量预测作物可食部分镉含量;采用多元回归模型的方法基于土壤镉含量和土壤pH预测作物可食部分镉含量。结果表明,回归模型对作物可食部分镉含量的预测效果明显优于富集系数中位值;回归模型95%预测上限对作物可食部分镉含量的保守预测优于富集系数90分位值。土壤pH显著影响作物对镉的吸收。影响模型回归效果和预测能力的主要因素是数据分布不均和数据量不足。模型对比后选用多元回归模型的95%预测上限推导稻田和茎/叶类蔬菜用地基于农产品质量安全的土壤镉含量环境基准。Based on data collected from literatures on cropland contamination of China, relationship between cadmi- um contents in soil and in crops was explored and human health risk of cadmium through soil-crop-human pathway analyzed. The data used in this paper partly come from published data in the last 3 decades in China and unpublished data in our own laboratory. The data for model parameterization were distinguished between field studies and salt-added pot experiments. Uptake factors and single-variable regression models were developed based on soil Cd content and used to predict cadmium content in edible parts of rice, wheat and vegetables, while multiple regression models based on soil Cd content and soil pH were to predict Cd content in those parts. Results show that the regression models are much better than the median of the uptake factors in predicting Cd content in those parts. Generally, the upper 95% prediction intervals of regression models provided a better conservative prediction than the 90 percentile uptake factors did. Soil pH as a variable generally contributed significantly to model fit. The main factors which restricted model development and model predictive utility were uneven distribution and inadequacy of data. Finally, soil environmental benchmarks of Cd content in agricultural land were derived by applying multiple-regression model based on Cd content limits for crops as human food.

关 键 词：镉 作物富集 回归模型 土壤环境基准 

分 类 号：X651[环境科学与工程]