深圳市冬季大气消光性质与细粒子化学组成的高时间分辨率观测和统计关系研究  

High time resolution observation and statistical analysis of atmospheric light extinction properties and the chemical speciation of fine particulates

作　　者：姚婷婷[1] 黄晓锋[1] 何凌燕[1] 胡敏 孙天乐[1] 薛莲[1] 林云[1] 曾立武[1] 张远航[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市人居环境科学与技术实验室,深圳518055 [2]环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室 [3]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2010年第8期1163-1171,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40805049);深圳市科技计划项目(CXB200903090046A);深圳市环境科研课题;深圳市南山区科技研发资金(南科院2008035)资助

摘　　要：我国城市当前面临的一个主要的大气污染问题是细粒子污染造成的区域性能见度大幅度下降.无论能见度还是细粒子污染在大气中都存在快速的变化过程,无法获得高时间分辨率的观测数据就无法准确有效地研究二者之间的关系,这也成为大气科学领域的一个研究难点.本研究利用高时间分辨率在线仪器获得了深圳市2009年1月17日至2月16日间的大气散射和吸收系数、PM1主要化学组分浓度及相关气象参数的10分钟分辨率观测数据,应用多元线性回归的方法建立了拟合优度很高(R2=0.913,n=3167)的深圳市冬季大气消光系数与PM1主要化学组分以及相对湿度之间的关系式.结果显示,冬季观测期间深圳市大气消光系数平均为290±183Mm-1,其中颗粒物的散射与吸收分别占72%与21%.PM1主要化学组分中有机物对消光的贡献最大,平均占45%,其次为硫酸铵,平均占24%,黑碳与硝酸铵分别平均占17%和12%.此外,本研究还对不同消光系数水平和日间大气消光系数变化规律分别进行了分析讨论.The visibility deterioration caused by regional fine particulate pollution has become one of the crucial air pollution problems in the urban areas of China. The rapid variation of visibility and fine particulates make it problematic to accurately estimate the relationship between them unless high time resolution observation data is accessed. This study aims to establish a formula using multiple linear regressions. Excellent fitting goodness （R^2=0.913,n=3167） was obtained using 10 min average of high-resolution real-time light scattering coefficients,light absorption coefficients,main chemical speciation concentration in PM1 and some meteorological parameters from Jan. 17 to Feb. 16,2009. It shows that the average light extinction coefficient during the observation in the winter of Shenzhen was measured to be 290±183 Mm^-1,consisting of 72% of light scattering and 21% of absorption. In terms of the percentage contribution of PM1 chemical species to the total light extinction,the organic matter was estimated to be the most with an average of 45%,followed by ammonium sulfate with an average of 24%. The contribution of black carbon and ammonium nitrate were 17% and 12%,respectively. The diurnal variation of light extinction was investigated.

关 键 词：消光系数 PM1化学组成 高时间分辨率 多元线性回归 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]