黄河流域三水转化关系及其模式探讨  

Discuss on three-type water transformation relations and patterns in the Huanghe River Basin

作　　者：李孝廉[1] 郝俊卿[1,2] 王雁林[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]西安财经学院,陕西西安710700 [3]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2010年第4期607-614,共8页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999043606);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(08JK051)资助

摘　　要：以系统理论为指导,应用基流指数法、同位素等技术和方法,对黄河流域不同区段的三水转化关系进行了逐段分析,并对全流域三水转化进行了系统分析。研究表明:黄河流域大气降水、地表水、地下水在过去50 a受自然变化和人类活动影响,发生了较显著变化,在不同区段具有显著差异性。在此基础上,从理论上提出了黄河流域三水转化的6种模式。该研究成果,不仅从理论上进一步深化了对黄河流域水循环规律的认识,而且对于指导水资源合理开发利用也具有重要意义。It is an important scientific problem to research three-type water transformation relations. There are some trends： firstly, human factor is an important influence factor beside of natural factors in the three-type water transformation relation. Secondly, studying is from the study of phenomena to the study of process and rules. The transformation relations are very different in the following sections ： （ 1 ） Section one west of Lanzhou ; （ 2 ） Section two from Lanzhou to Toudaoguai; （3） Section three from Toudaguai to Huayuankou, and （4）Section four lower than Huayrankou. In section one, atmospheric precipitation and groundwater is the main replenishment source of surface water, and evaporation is not strong in general. source of groundwater replenishment; three-type In section two, atmospheric precipitation and river water are the water transformation relation is changed under the strong long-term impact of human activities, and evaporation of surface water and groundwater is the main transformation style. In section three, atmospheric precipitation and groundwater are the source of river water, three-type water transforma- tion relation is affected by human activities, and in general the river water is replenished by groundwater in the style of flank runoff. Due to the strong effects of human largely engineering activities, three-water transformation relation is influenced or changed obviously. In section four, precipitation and river water are the source of groundwater replenishment; and in whole section, river water year-round replenish groundwater all the year round with strong evaporation, evaporation and extraction of groundwater are the major drainage way in this section. For the relation between atmospheric precipitation and surface water in the entire basin, the stronger sections of transformation are the section from Maqu to Tangnaihai of upper reaches and gorge section of middle reaches of Yellow River, and the lowest transformation section is the irrigation area section of middle

关 键 词：三水转化 模式 黄河流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]