白菜类蔬菜种质资源亲缘关系的RAPD分析  

Relative Analysis of Cabbage Germplasm Resources by RAPD

作　　者：林建丽[1,2] 朱正歌[2] 王建成[3] 高建伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 国家蔬菜改良中心 山东分中心／山东省设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]河北师范大学生命科学学院,河北石家庄050016 [3]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,山东济南250100

出　　处：《华北农学报》2008年第B10期183-189,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台建设项目(2005DKA21001-38);山东省农业科学院高技术自主创新基金(2007YCX003)

摘　　要：利用200个随机引物对21份白菜类蔬菜种质资源材料的基因组DNA进行了扩增,研究了它们的亲缘关系。结果表明,有22个随机引物可得到稳定的RAPD谱带,扩增带总数为135条,其中多态性带为125条,多态性比例为92.6%。系统聚类分析结果显示,在遗传距离(D)=0.25处,可将供试材料分为2类10组,其中第1类包括5个甘蓝品种,另外还包括芜菁;而第2类包括白菜和芥菜2个亚类。这表明芜菁和白菜的亲缘关系较远。芜菁和散白菜的杂交后代与芜菁和其他白菜的杂交后代形态相似,不能从形态学上为李家文的"杂交起源"假说提供佐证。推测白菜可能起源于野生小白菜的原始类型,在向北方传播的过程中相互杂交,经过长期的自然环境选择,优胜劣汰逐渐演化才终于出现了结球结实的大白菜。The relationship of 21 accessions of cabbage vegetable was analyzed by RAPD（randomly amplified polymorphic DNA） with 200 random primers.The results showed that 22 primers produced amplified products,of which 135 bands were distinct and 125 were polymorphic.The percentage of polymorphic bands was 92.6%.All accessions were clustered into 2 groups and 10 subgroups at the genetic distance of 0.25 based on the RAPD data.Five cabbage varieties and Turnip were clustered into the first group.The second group included two subgroups composed of cabbage and mustard respectively.This indicated that the relationship of turnip and cabbage was distant.The morphologic characteristics of the hybrid offspring between turnip and the loose-leaved Chinese cabbage were similar to that between turnip and other Chinese cabbage.So it did not confirm Li Jiawen′s ″hybridization origin″ hypothesis from the morphologic evidence.We speculated that Chinese cabbage originated from the wild types of non-heading cabbage.That is,in the process of spreading from the south to the north of China,different types of non-heading cabbage hybrid each other,and,after long term natural selection,the strong balled Chinese cabbage arose.

关 键 词：白菜类蔬菜 RAPD 种质资源 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]