壤质潮土长期施钾对小麦玉米轮作制作物钾吸收的影响  

Impact of Long Term Potassium(K) Fertilization on Crop K Uptake on Wheat-Corn Rotation on in Loamy Fluvo-aquic Soil

作　　者：邢素丽[1] 李春杰[1] 韩宝文[1] 贾良良[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《华北农学报》2008年第B10期274-278,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A14);加拿大国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目

摘　　要：在辛集马兰农场进行钾肥定位试验,研究小麦-玉米轮作制度长期施钾对钾养分吸收的影响。试验开始于1992年秋天,共设4个处理,分别为只施氮磷肥的对照（NP）;在对照基础上加施秸秆（NPSt）;在对照基础上加施钾肥（NPK）;在对照基础上加施秸秆和钾肥（NPKSt）。4次重复,顺序排列,小区面积50 m2。结果表明：作物的籽粒年吸钾量与肥料中钾的施入量以及作物籽粒和秸秆产量呈显著或极显著正相关。作物籽粒钾吸收量随K2O施入量的增多而增多,与施入的速效钾形态无关。作物籽粒钾含量与钾肥的施入量相关关系不显著。在北方壤质潮土小麦玉米轮作制土壤中,小麦籽粒年均含钾量在4.99~5.13 g/kg,玉米籽粒的年均含钾量在3.75~3.93 g/kg。在壤质潮土小麦轮作制条件下,当施入一定量外源钾肥时,单位面积小麦植株地上部分和玉米植株地上部分K2O养分吸收量差异不大。小麦季K2O吸收量为140.37 kg/hm2,玉米季为138.23 kg/hm2,据此可有效指导该类型区的钾肥投入。In order to study effects of long term K fertilization on K uptake in Wheat-Corn rotation system,a specified field K fertilizer experiment has been conducted in Farm Malan,Xinji,since autumn of 1992 with 4 treatments that of CK,only provide N and P fertilizer;CK＋wheat straw recycling;Optimum rate of N,P and K fertilizer;N,P and K fertilization＋wheat straw recycling.All treatments have 4 replications with sequence order.Each plot area is 50 m2.The results as followed：K2O uptake in grain was significant and very significant positively correlated with K2O fertilization and crop yield.With the increasingly K2O fertilization,K2O uptake in grain was become more and more and was not related with the kind of availible K fertilization.The correlationship between K2O concentration and K2O fertilization rate was not siginificant.Under wheat-corn rotation system In North China in loamy fluvo-aquic soil,the averages of K2O concentration in wheat grain was about 4.99-5.13 g/kg,and the averages of K2O concentration in corn grain was about 3.75-3.93 g/kg.Under the wheat-corn rotation system and loamy fluvo-aquic soil condition,when gave some external K fertilizer,there was little K2O uptake differences between wheat and corn above ground.The K2O uptake on wheat was about 140.37 kg/ha,and on corn was about 138.23 kg/ha,hereby can be the guidance of K2O fertilization.

关 键 词：壤质潮土 小麦-玉米轮作 长期施钾 钾吸收量 

分 类 号：S143.32[农业科学—肥料学]