宋代地方官员的考课制度及其弊端  

Local Officials Exam Systems and the Defects of Song Dynasty

作　　者：贾芳芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学宋史研究中心,河北保定071002

出　　处：《保定学院学报》2010年第4期54-56,共3页Journal of Baoding University

摘　　要：为了加强对地方官的管理,宋廷制定了严密的考课制度,定期对地方官员的德行、才干、劳绩进行考评,并由中央的具体部门,依此来决定对地方官的奖惩,使地方官的升迁罢黜,在层层牵制下最终集权于中央。考课制度加强了宋廷对地方的掌控。以维护皇权、加强中央集权为首要目的制度,由于制度本身的问题和等级授职体制下人治的因素,在执行中出现了许多的弊端。用意良好的地方官考课制度,在实际执行中的扭曲与失效,给宋代地方政治带来了极为不良的影响。In order to strengthen the control to the local officials,the Song royal or imperial government established the tight exam systems,tested regularly the locals’governing talents.And the central government decided the locals’ rising and falling according to these records.The exam system strengthened the absolutism centralization of authority of Song.The first aim of the exam system was to defend the imperial power or authority and strengthen the centralized state power.Because of the systems’problems and the reason of ruling of man,the exam system appeared many defects.And this brought much bad influence to local politics.

关 键 词：宋代 地方官员 考课制度 弊端 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]