大型风电场风机最优布置规律研究  

Characteristics of optimal placement of wind turbines in large scale wind farms

作　　者：王丰[1] 刘德有[1] 曾利华[1] 陈守伦[1] 陈星莺[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水资源高效利用与工程安全国家工程研究中心,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期472-478,共7页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAA01A24)

摘　　要：采用较完善的风机优化布置计算数学模型,研究了单一风向风况下的风电场风机最优布置的一般性规律,给出了风机布置排数和风机间距的合理取值范围:风电场区域无限制以及风电场沿盛行风向上尺寸较小时,风机横向间距应为2D0～3D0(D0为风轮直径),纵向间距应大于15D0;风电场沿盛行风向上尺寸较大时,可考虑布置3排以上风机,风机纵向间距应为15D0～20D0,风机横向间距应为3D0～5D0;风机优化布置一般可不考虑风速大小的影响.在此基础上,研究了均匀对称风况、1个主导风向风况和多个主导风向风况下的风机最优布置规律,得出了风机最优布置形式与风况特征的规律性基本一致,且风况越复杂,风机最优布置的规律性越弱的结论.The characteristics of optimal placement of wind turbines under single wind direction condition were studied by use of the mature mathematical models for wind turbines. The rational values of rows and spacings of wind turbines were proposed. For the wind farms with unlimited area and small size in the windward direction,the optimal spacing should be larger than 2-3 times the rotor diameter in the crosswind direction and 15 times the rotor diameter in the windward direction. For the wind farms with large size in the windward direction,more than 3 rows of wind turbines should be placed,the optimal spacing should be larger than 3-5 times the rotor diameter in the crosswind direction and 15-20 times thee rotor diameter in the windward direction,and the influences of the wind speed on the optimal configuration of wind turbines might be ignored. On such a basis,the characteristics of the optimal placement of wind turbines under conditions of uniform wind direction,single wind direction dominated and two wind direction dominated were studied. A conclusion is drawn that the optimal configuration of wind turbines agrees with the characteristics of wind conditions. Besides,the more complex the wind conditions,the weaker the characteristics of the optimal configuration of wind turbines.

关 键 词：风电场 风机 布置排数 风机间距 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]