厦门海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量的变化趋势  

Changing trends of DIN and PO_4-P content in Xiamen Seawaters

作　　者：陈宝红[1,2] 林辉[2] 张春华[3] 暨卫东[2] 周秋麟[2] 林力斌[2] 卢美鸾[2] 黄海宁[2] 陈长平[1] 高亚辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [3]国家海洋局北海海洋环境监测中心站,广西北海536000

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2010年第3期314-319,共6页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2007009);国家海洋局公益性资助项目(200805064);国家908专项资助项目(908-02-01-02);国家重点基础研究计划项目(2005CB422305);福建省908专项资助项目(FJ908-04-07;FJ908-01-01-HS)

摘　　要：根据2003～2008年每年丰水期、枯水期和平水期于厦门海域开展的海洋环境调查的资料,研究了该海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量区域分布和时间变化趋势.结果表明,调查期间该海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐平均含量都较高,分别为0.50、0.031 mg/dm3.其营养盐含量的区域分布相差较大,其中九龙江口水体无机氮含量最高,年均含量为0.52～1.37 mg/dm3;厦门西港水体活性磷酸盐含量最高,年均含量为0.039～0.061 mg/dm3;而大嶝海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量最低,年均含量分别为0.06～0.22、0.007～0.016 mg/dm3.调查期间全海域水体无机氮含量呈逐年增加趋势,活性磷酸盐含量在2003～2005年间呈上升趋势,而2005～2008年则有小幅度的下降.厦门海域水体N/P原子比较高,调查期间全海域年均值为27.4～47.5,且呈逐年增加趋势.无机氮含量的明显增加趋势及越来越严重的N/P比失衡,势必对该海域海洋生态系统尤其是浮游植物群落演替产生不良影响.此外,研究还发现厦门海域水体无机氮含量与盐度呈高度负相关(r=-0.96,n=30).这有力地证明了九龙江径流输入是厦门海域无机氮的最主要来源.Evaluation of the regional distribution and time trend of inorganic nitrogen（DIN） and active phosphates（PO4-P） in Xiamen Seawaters based on surveys conducted annually during the wet period（May）,dry period（November） and level period（August） from 2003 to 2008 revealed a high average level of DIN and PO4-P of 0.50 mg/dm^3 and 0.031mg/dm^3,respectively.Obvious regional differences in the nutrient contents were also noticed,with the highest DIN level being observed in the Jiulongjiang River Estuary（0.52～1.37 mg/dm^3 yearly）.The level of PO4-P in West Xiamen Harbour Waters was found to be the highest（0.039～0.061mg/dm^3）,while the levels of both DIN and PO4-P in Dadeng Seawaters were the lowest（0.06～0.22mg/dm^3 and 0.007～0.016mg/dm^3,respectively）.The average DIN content in Xiamen Seawaters was found to increase annually during the survey,and the average PO4-P content increased from 2003 to 2005 and decreased slightly from 2005 to 2008.A higher N/P atomic ratio of 27.4～47.5 was observed in Xiamen Seawaters during the survey and this level increased annually.Increased DIN and N/P imbalance will cause a negative effect on marine ecosystems,especially on the succession of the phytoplankton community.This study also revealed a close negative correlation between the DIN level and salinity（r=-0.96,n=30）,and clearly demonstrated that the Jiulongjiang River input is the most important source of DIN in Xiamen Seawaters.

关 键 词：海洋化学 无机氮 活性磷酸盐 变化趋势 厦门海域 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]