海南昌江沿岸海域石珊瑚的物种多样性及其分布  

Diversity and distribution of coral species along the Changjiang Coastal waters,Hainan Province

作　　者：牛文涛[1] 张潇娴[2] 林荣澄[1] 王初升[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2010年第3期389-393,共5页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2009034);国家908专项资助项目(908-02-04-05;908-ZC-I-16);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2008J0295)

摘　　要：2009年3月,采用水下照相及摄像方法,对海南昌江沿岸海域的石珊瑚物种多样性、分布及覆盖度进行了调查.结合历史资料,共发现石珊瑚10科15属28种和1未定种.其中鹿角珊瑚属(Acropora)、角蜂巢珊瑚属(Favites)、叶状珊瑚属(Lobophyllia)等为优势类群,常见分布珊瑚种类有角孔珊瑚(Gonioporasp.)、标准蜂巢珊瑚(Favia speciosa)、五边角蜂巢珊瑚(Favites pentagona)、多孔鹿角珊瑚(Acropora millepora)、十字牡丹珊瑚(Pavona decussata)、伞房叶状珊瑚(Lobophyllia corymbosa)等.石珊瑚主要分布于海尾镇三联村以南海域,覆盖率最高为12%.本次调查在海南昌江沿岸海域记录的珊瑚种类数多于以前的记录,但少于海南南岸的三亚鹿回头,也少于北部的广西涠洲岛、广东徐闻、香港等海域,随着调查次数的增加,预计会有更多的种类被发现.该海域是北部湾珊瑚幼虫交流的中间过渡区,对珊瑚礁的保护与恢复具有重要意义.The species diversity,distribution and percent cover of corals in the western littoral waters of Changjiang,Hainan Province were surveyed by taking photos and making videos from March 23 to 29 in 2009.According to the results of the investigation and previous studies,28 Scleractinian coral species in 15 genera among 10 families（with another 1 undefined species） were recorded.The dominant genera were Acropora,Favites and Lobophyllia and the most common species were Goniopora sp.,Favia speciosa,Favites pentagona,Acropora millepora,Pavona decussata and Lobophyllia corymbosa.The corals were mainly distributed in the littoral waters to the south of Sanlian,with the highest coverage being 12%.The number of Scleractinian corals in Changjiang is less than that in Luhuitou of Sanya,Weizhou Island of Guangxi Province,Xuwen of Guangdong Province,and Hong Kong.It is predicted that more species will be identified in future investigations.These waters are located in the transition region of the coral planula in Beibu Bay and are of great importance to the conservation and restoration of coral reefs.

关 键 词：海洋生物学 海南海域 石珊瑚 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]