低氮素和水杨酸对黄瓜子叶离体培养中花芽分化的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Nutrition and Salicylic Acid on Floral Bud Initiation in Cucumber Cotyledon Culture

作　　者：任红旭[1,2] 陈雄[1,2] 赵晓俊 王亚馥[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室 [2]南开大学生命科学院生物系

出　　处：《园艺学报》1999年第2期105-109,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

摘　　要：研究了低氮营养和水杨酸对离体黄瓜子叶开花的影响。结果表明，低氮营养（总氮量为３０．０ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，ＮＯ－３Ｎ∶ＮＨ＋４Ｎ为２∶１）显著促进子叶花芽分化；低浓度水杨酸（ＳＡ１０．０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）对花芽分化也有明显促进作用，高浓度ＳＡ（高于１０．０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）则起抑制作用；低氮营养条件下施以低浓度ＳＡ（１０．０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）对于促进子叶花芽分化效果最佳。另外，硝酸还原酶（ＮＲ）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（ＰＡＬ）的活性和花芽分化有紧密关系。ＮＲ活性与花芽分化状态呈负相关，而ＰＡＬ活性则和花芽分化状态呈正相关。ＮＲ与ＰＡＬ活性分别在培养后第１０天与第２０天达到最高。而过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）的活性则在诱导后呈下降趋势，未发现其与子叶的花芽分化有明显关系。In this experiment,the effects of nitrogen nutrition and salicylic acid on floral bud formation in the culture of cucumber cotyledons(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Jinyan No.4 )were studied.When the total nitrogen concentration in the medium was reduced to the half of Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium,and the ratio of NO-3NH+4 was changed to 21,the floral initiation was promoted.Salicylic acid also had promotive effect when its concentration was 10.0 molL-1.Activities of nitrite reductase(NR),phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL)and catalase(CAT)were examined during the development of floral bud.The results showed that the activities of NR and PAL closely associated with floral bud formation.But there was no obvious relationship between CAT activity and floral bud formation.

关 键 词：黄瓜 子叶 花芽分化 低氮营养 水杨酸 

分 类 号：S642.206.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]