饲料蛋白和油脂水平对鲤生长及代谢的影响  

Effect of Protein and Lipid Levels of Feed on Growth and Metabolism of Common Carp

作　　者：张树明[1] 孙增民[1] 李婧[1] 单世涛[2] 王旭莉[3] 吉红[2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省水产工作总站,陕西渭南714000 [2]西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站,陕西安康725021 [3]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]西北农林科技大学水产科学研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第7期39-43,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站建设项目(Z222020020)

摘　　要：配制蛋白和脂肪水平不同的3种饲料,即低蛋白高脂饲料(CP 380 g/kg、EE90 g/kg,LHgroup),高蛋白低脂饲料(CP 415 g/kg,EE 60 g/kg,HL group)和高蛋白高脂饲料(CP 415 g/kg、EE 90 g/kg,HHgroup),并以高蛋白低脂商品饲料组(CP 407.6 g/kg、EE 35.2 g/kg,CMgroup)为对照,在室内水泥池中将体质量为67.18 g的鲤饲喂35 d,对试验鱼生长、生物学性状、肌肉和肝胰脏成份、血清指标及消化酶活性进行测定,探讨蛋白和油脂对鲤生长及代谢的影响。结果表明,低蛋白高脂组较商品饲料组体质量增加率有所升高,饲料系数有所降低,高蛋白低脂组体质量增加率、蛋白质效率显著高于商品饲料组(P<0.05),而饲料系数相反;商品饲料组肝胰脏指数显著高于其他3组,而肝胰脏脂肪含量相反;商品饲料组血清总蛋白含量显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),尿素氮含量显著低于高蛋白高脂饲料组(P<0.05);商品饲料组肝胰脏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活力显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);肝胰脏苹果酸脱氢酶活力低蛋白高脂组显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲料中蛋白水平和脂肪水平分别为410和60 g/kg时较有利于鲤的生长,这一效果与其对试验鱼蛋白和脂肪代谢过程的影响有关。To further study the effect of protein and lipid level on growth performance and metabolism in common carp,a feeding trial was conducted by using the experimental fish（the initial body weight was 67.18 g） fed with different protein and lipid levels feed for 35 d.Protein and lipid levels of experimental feed were 380 g/kg and 90 g/kg（LH group）,415 g/kg and 60 g/kg（HL group） and 415 g/kg and 90 g/kg（HH group）,respectively.A commercial feed（407.6 g/kg and 35.3 g/kg,CM group） was treated as control.The result showed that the growth performance were not significantly different among four groups although they were higher in HL group.The weight gaining rate of HL group was significantly higher than that of CM group（P0.05）,feed conversion rate was opposite;the protein efficiency of HL group was significantly higher than that of LH group and HH group;the intestine length index of HL groupwas significantly lower than that of other three groups（P0.05）,and the hepatopancreas index of LH group was significantly different from other three groups（P0.05）;relative fatness and viscera index among groups had no significant difference（P0.05）.There was no significantly difference among groups in muscle moisture,crude protein,crude fat and hepatopancreas moisture.the content of crude fat in CM was significantly lower than that of other three groups（P0.05）;levels of alanine transaminase（ALT）,aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,albumin（ALB）,total cholesterol（CHOL）,triglyceride（TG） and blood glucose（GLU） of every group had no significant difference（P0.05）,but the content of total protein（TP） in CM group was significantly lower than those in other three groups（P0.05）;blood urea nitrogen BUN of HH group was significantly higher than that of CM group（P0.05）;glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G6PDH）activity of CM group was significantly higher than that of other three groups（P0.05）,while malate dehydrogenase（MDH） activity in LH group was significantly high

关 键 词：蛋白 脂肪 鲤 生长 代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]