推力与拉力——中世纪英国农村劳动力转移和城市化动力机制初探  

Initial Exploration of Mechanism of Migration of Village-labors and Urbanization in Medieval England

作　　者：赵庆日[1] 谷延方[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学

出　　处：《北方论丛》2010年第4期93-96,共4页The Northern Forum

摘　　要：中世纪英格兰初步形成了劳动力转移和城市化的动力机制。乡村社会产生"推力",城镇特权地位产生"拉力",吸引和拉动农村人口走出土地走向城市。与此同时,乡村也存在阻碍劳动力转移的"拉力",城镇也存在不利于人口流动的"推力",正是在上述各种"拉力"和"推力"因素综合作用下,中世纪英格兰农村劳动力转移和城市化获得一定发展,畜牧业、纺织业等非农行业逐渐兴起,城市化水平不断提高,后来工业化和城市化都继承了这些历史遗产。The mechanism came into being gradually, of migration of village - labors and urbanization in medieval England. A thrust produced by countryside, plus the pull brought by cities, made the rural population walk out of the earth and migrate into towns or boroughs. At the same time, there were some factors that counteracted the migration of village - labors both in the villages and towns. The above - mentioned kinds of factors working together, thus, migration of village - labors had made certain progress and laid the base for the latter industrialization and modernization in medieval England.

关 键 词：中世纪英国 劳动力转移 城市化 

分 类 号：K561.3[历史地理—历史学]