ELISA方法筛查住院病人梅毒结果分析及筛查方案研究  

Analysis of results for Treponema pallidum by ELISA method in inpatients and study of screening programs

作　　者：梁金明[1] 陈亚珍[1] 李艳[1] 黄明珠[1] 林剑平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省湛江中心人民医院检验科,广东湛江524037

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2010年第7期1724-1725,1738,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的:建立住院病人梅毒筛查方案,以提高梅毒检测的准确性,减少假阳性和假阴性,避免漏检和误诊。方法:先用ELISA方法对14028例住院病人进行检测,对阳性标本再作TPPA及RPR检测,结果以TPPA和RPR最高稀释倍数为阳性报告。结果:以TPPA为确认结果,ELISA梅毒检测敏感性为100%,假阳性率为2.08%,RPR检测敏感性为100%,假阳性率为1.35%;ELISA检测阳性标本OD值大于1.5倍阴性对照OD值又小于2.1倍阴性对照OD值的标本47例(7.7%),OD值小于5倍阴性对照OD值的标本有107例(17.5%),OD值大于5倍阴性对照OD值的标本43例(7.0%)。结论:此筛查方案既能减少假阳性和漏检,又能为临床诊断和治疗提供准确的依据,值得推广应用;ELISA方法检测梅毒要注意钩状效应造成的假阴性结果,阳性的结果要谨慎结合临床表现,才可以诊断是否感染梅毒。Objective：Eestablishing screening program of treponema pallidum in inpatients,to improve the accuracy of detection of treponema pallidum,reduce the false positive and false-negative,to avoid false negatives,and misdiagnosis.Methods：To detected treponema pallidum in 14028 inpatients by ELISA method,the positive samples were detected by TPPA and RPR method,the results for TPPA and RPR positive report of the highest dilution.Results：Confirm the results with TPPA,detected of treponema pallidum specificity was 100% and false positive rate was 2.08% by ELISA method,detected of Treponema pallidum specificity was 100% and false positive rate was 1.358% by RPR method;47 samples（7.7%） in detection of positive samples of ELISA method of the OD value is greater than 1.5 times.The negative control OD value and less than 2.1 times the OD value of negative control,107 cases（17.5%） of samples in OD value of less than 5 times the OD value of negative control,43cases（7.0%） of samples in OD value of greater than 5 times the OD value of negative control.Conclusion：Should promote the use of this screening program will reduce the false positive and false negative,for clinical diagnosis and treatment provide an accurate basis;Whether infected Treponema pallidum,the positive results must be carefully combined with the clinical diagnosis,pay attention to false negative results caused by hook effects by ELISA method.

关 键 词：梅毒螺旋体(TP) 酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA) 梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验(TPPA) 快速血浆反应素试验(RPR) 

分 类 号：R377.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]