肥料和除草剂混施对老芒麦构件组成及生物量结构的影响  

Effects of Mixed Application of Fertilizers and Herbicides on Component Composition and Biomass Structure of Elymus sibiricus

作　　者：刘金平[1] 游明鸿[2] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学院,四川南充637002 [2]四川省草原科学研究院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2010年第4期42-48,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家农业行业专项(nyhyzx07-022);国家牧草产业技术体系;"十一五"科技支撑项目(2007BAC18B04);四川省教育厅(08zc008)项目资助

摘　　要：以不同尿素和磷酸二氢钾含量组合阔叶除草剂混施,研究不同组合对川草2号老芒麦的影响,结果表明:混施对根、茎、叶、花序等构件的质量与数量性状都有影响,茎性状指标的变异系数由大到小为分蘖密度>节直径>节间长>茎直径>单蘖节数,不同混施组合间分蘖密度、节直径、节间长存在极显著差异;混施组合间叶长、叶宽差异极显著;对花序性状的影响为花序厚>花序宽>小穗数>生殖枝比例>花序柄长>小花数>花序长;组合间根系深度、分布范围都存在显著差异;对根、茎、叶、花序生物量的累积均有影响,株高、鲜草产量、干草产量变异系数分别为12.42%、29.98%、25.93%,组合1、组合2和组合6增产效果明显;混施对种子产量影响极显著,组合1、组合5和组合6适合在种子生产中推广;杂草的种类、单位面积杂草生物量、杂草占生物量的比例都低于对照。肥料与除草剂混施可减少田间作业次数,降低管理成本,达到增肥和除草的双重效果,值得在生产中推广与应用。Six types of treatment with different contents of urea,potassium dehydrogen phosphate and broad-leaved herbicide（75% tribenuron dry SC or 28% WP tribenuron-ylketone） were applied to the grassland of Elymus sibiricus cv.Chuancao No.2.The results showed that： the mixture affected the quality and quantity traits of root,stem,leaves,inflorescence and other components.The order of the coefficients of variation for stem was density of tillers eustipes diameter internode length stem diameter eustipes number of each tiller,and the difference among all treatments was very significant for the density of tillers,eustipes diameter,internode length,the length and width of leaf.The sequence of the coefficients of variation for inflorescence was inflorescence thickness inflorescence width spikelet number rate of fertile tiller inflorescence stalk length floret number inflorescence length.Those treatments significantly improved root depth,root distribution and biomass,and the coefficients of variation were 12.42%（P = 0.0006）,29.98%（P0.0001）,25.93%（P0.0001） for height,fresh forage yield and hay yield,respectively.The three types of treatments with 7500g/hm2 urea＋300g/hm2 potassium dehydrogen phosphate＋27g/hm2 75% tribenuron dry SC,7500g/hm2 urea＋27g/hm2 75% tribenuron dry SC and 15000g/hm2 urea＋300g/hm2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate＋75g/hm2 28% WP sulfinpyrazone were beneficial to forage yield.And the other three types of treatment with 7500g/hm2 urea＋300g/hm2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate＋27g/hm2 75% tribenuron dry SC,7500g/hm2 urea＋75g/hm2 28% WP sulfinpyrazone and 15000g/hm2 urea＋300g/hm2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate＋75g/hm2 28% WP sulfinpyrazone,seed production of E.sibiricus cv.Chuancao No.2 was significantly increased（P=0.0009）.Among those treatments,the species of weed,the biomass of weed of per unit area,the rate of weed to total biomass was lower than those of the control.Overall,the mixed application of fertilizer and herbicides is worth applying widely,because of reducing t

关 键 词：肥料 除草剂 川草2号老芒麦 构件 生物量 

分 类 号：S543.05[农业科学—作物学]