氮肥对超绿水稻齐穗期光合特性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Super-green Rice at Full Heading Stage

作　　者：阚学飞[1] 赵明辉[1] 隋阳辉[1] 徐海[1] 陈温福[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省北方粳稻育种重点开放实验室,农业部作物生理生态遗传育种重点开放实验室,沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁沈阳100866

出　　处：《作物杂志》2010年第4期24-29,共6页Crops

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(nyzx07-001);辽宁省科学技术计划重大项目(2008201002);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A01-6)

摘　　要：为探明氮肥用量对超绿水稻光合速率的影响和揭示其内在的生理机制。采用盆栽的方法,在齐穗期对叶色深绿的超绿水稻SN19-6、浅绿叶色水稻SN07-015和常规叶色品种丰锦的叶绿素含量指数(CCI)、光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性和生理特性进行分析。结果表明,氮肥对3个材料的CCI都有显著影响,但对超绿水稻的影响程度明显小于其他两个品种(品系);在各氮肥处理下,SN19-6的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(GS)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)都高于对照,并在低肥处理下SN19-6仍能保持较高的Pn、CCI、Gs;SN19-6的最大荧光产量(Fm)、原初光能转化率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)受氮肥的影响较小,且在各个氮肥处理下都高于SN07-015和丰锦。在低肥处理下,SN19-6的Fm、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo仍然能保持较高水平,且SN19-6仍然有较高的硝酸还原酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量。超绿水稻SN19-6的光合速率受氮肥影响较小,在较低的氮肥水平下仍具有较高的光合速率,其硝酸还原酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量也没有受到明显的影响。这种特殊水稻种质对于提高水稻的氮肥利用效率可能具有重要作用。The objectives of this research were to investigate effects of nitrogen amount on photosynthetic rate of super-green rice and reveal its intrinsic physiological mechanism.SN19-6（super-green rice）,SN07-015（faded green leaf）and Toyonishiki（normal leaf）were used to compare effects of different nitrogen supply treatments on the chlorophyll content index（CCI）,photosynthetic characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and physiological characteristics of flag leaves at the full heading stage.The nitrogen supply treatment had a significantly effect on the chlorophyll content index（CCI）of three materials,but the degree of effects on SN19-6 was less than the other two materials.Under different nitrogen supply treatments,the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,the stomatal conductance（GS）,the intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）and the transpiration rate（Tr）were higher in SN19-6 than in SN07-015 and Toyonishiki,especially under low nitrogen supply treatments,SN19-6 still keep a higher Pn,CCI and Gs than SN07-015 and Toyonishiki;There was very slight effect on the maximum fluorescence（Fm）,the variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence（Fv/Fm）and the PSⅡ potential photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fo）in SN19-6 under different nitrogen supply treatments,but was always higher than SN07-015 and Toyonishiki in all nitrogen supply treatments.SN19-6 still kept a relative highly Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,nitrate reductase activity,and soluble protein content even under low nitrogen supply treatments.The Pn of SN19-6 was less affected by nitrogen fertilizer,could keep a higher Pn even under low nitrogen supply treatments.The reason was mainly that SN19-6 could not only keep a higher CCI and GS,but also can keep a higher Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo.The nitrate reductase activity and soluble protein content also was not obvious impacted under the low nitrogen fertility conditions.Therefore,it suggested that the special variety has an important role to improve the nitrogen use efficiency of rice.

关 键 词：超绿水稻 氮肥 光合特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]