同源四倍体高粱与约翰逊草种间杂交及其细胞遗传学研究  

Studies on Interspecific Crosses and CytogeneticsBetween Autotetraploid Sorghum and Johnsongrass

作　　者：梁凤山[1] 罗耀武[1] 陈荣敏 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》1999年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：采用人工去雄及塑料袋简便杀雄法获得了６个同源四倍体高粱品系与约翰逊草的种间杂种。研究表明，在４０个染色体水平上两种间杂交不存在遗传障碍；杂种Ｆ１在生长势和生物产量上表现了巨大优势，在主要形态上介于双亲之间；杂种Ｆ１ＰＭＣ减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型为：０１７Ⅰ＋１４１１Ⅱ＋００２８Ⅲ＋２８７Ⅳ＋０００４Ⅴ＋０００７Ⅵ＋００００７Ⅷ；约翰逊草是一节段同源异源四倍体，将约翰逊草染色体组模式表示为ＡＡＡ′Ａ′，能解释减数分裂过程中更多的染色体行为。同源四倍体高粱与约翰逊草杂交成功为约翰逊草优良基因向栽培高粱转移提供了可能。Interspecific hybrids between autotetraploid Sorghum and Johnsongrassse(L)Pers] were produced using hand and plastic bag emasculationThe results showed: The two species could cross easily at the 40 chromosome level; Major morphology of F1 hybrid was intermediate to the parents, and hybrids exhibited great heterosis on growth potential and biomass(700%900%); The average chromosome configuration per cell at meiotic M of F1 hybrid's PMCs was 017+1411+0028+287+0004+ 0007+0000 7 Johnsongrass was segmental auto-allo-tetraploid The new genomic model of Johnsongrass(AAAA)could explain more meiotic chromosome behavioursThe interspecific hybrids could sever as bridging species to improve grain sorghum

关 键 词：同源四倍体 高粱 约翰逊草 种间杂交 细胞遗传学 

分 类 号：S514.035.1[农业科学—作物学] S334.3