脑弥漫性轴索损伤的临床表现及CT诊断  

Diffuse axonal injury: A clinical findings and CT diagnosis

作　　者：吴景忠[1] 张佳栋[1] 张敬伟[1] 程天明[1] 贾武林[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省人民医院

出　　处：《中国急救医学》1999年第4期215-216,共2页Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：河南省卫生厅资助

摘　　要：目的探讨脑弥漫性轴索损伤的临床表现及ＣＴ诊断标准。方法分析４８例脑弥漫性轴索损伤的临床资料及ＣＴ图像资料。结果脑弥漫性轴索损伤的临床表现：①头部加速性旋转性外伤；②伤后即刻昏迷；③生命体征紊乱；④四肢肌张力高；⑤无明确定位神经体征。ＣＴ诊断标准：①弥漫性脑肿胀；②脑室、脑池普遍受压变小／消失；③大脑皮髓质交界处和（或）大脑中轴区多个直径＜２ｃｍ的出血灶；④中线无移位或轻度移位（＜５ｍｍ）；⑤合并其他颅脑损伤。结论临床表现和ＣＴ诊断二者结合起来，可以明确诊断脑弥漫性轴索损伤。Objective To investigate the clinical findings and CT diagnositic standard of diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Methods The clinical materials and CT scans of 48 cases of DAI were analysed. Results The clinical findings of DAI:①an accelerant and spiral injury of head; ② immediate coma after injury; ③abnormalities of vital sign; ④hypertension of limb's muscles; ⑤no local neurological sign. The diagnositic criterions of CT: ①difffuse cerebral swellings; ② general decompression and disappearment of ventricles and cisterns; ③one or more hemorrhagic lesions less than 2 cm in diameter at the corticomedullary junction or the axial area; ④median structure migrate no more than 5mm; ⑤other cranial injuries can concur. Conclusion Combining with clinical findings and CT signs, a diagnosis of DAI can be made. [

关 键 词：脑损伤 CT 诊断 轴索损伤 DAI 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学] R816.1[医药卫生—临床医学]