产前应用地塞米松对早产儿脑损伤的预防作用  

Preventive effects of antenatal administration of dexamethasone on brain damage in the premature infant

作　　者：丘惠娴[1] 谢志才[1] 陈玲玲[1] 黄循斌[1] 王自财[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院新生儿科,广东深圳518116

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2010年第8期715-717,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：【目的】观察产前应用地塞米松对早产儿脑损伤的影响。【方法】选择2008年1月—2009年12月在本院新生儿科收治的胎龄≤35周的322例早产儿作为观察对象,据产前是否有效应用地塞米松分为地塞米松组和对照组,出生后常规作头颅超声检查。【结果】地塞米松组脑室周围-脑室内出血(periventricular-intraventricular hemorrha-ges,PVH-IVH)、重度PVH-IVH和脑室周围白质软化(periventricular leukomalacia,PVL)的患病率分别为6.1%、0.9%和4.8%,低于对照组的16.5%(χ2=8.627,P=0.03)、5.5%(χ2=6.556,P=0.01)和15.4%(χ2=10.255,P=0.001)。【结论】产前应用地塞米松能降低早产儿(≤35周)PVH-IVH和PVL的患病率,并能减轻PVH-IVH的严重程度,对早产儿脑损伤有预防作用。【Objective】 To investigate the effects of antenatal administration of dexamethasone on brain damage in the premature infant. 【Methods】 Totally 322 premature infants with gestational age ≤35 weeks were admitted to neonatal department from January 2008 to December 2009 in our hospital,they were assigned into dexamethasone group and control group according to whether they had received antenatal administration of dexamethasone or not.They were subjected to routine cranial ultrasound examination after birth. 【Results】 The incidence of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage（periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhages,PVH-IVH）,severe PVH-IVH and periventricular leukomalacia（periventricular leukomalacia,PVL） were 6.1%,0.9% and 4.8% respectively in dexamethasone group.They decreased significantly compared with control group,in which the incidence of PVH-IVH,severe PVH-IVH and PVL were 16.5%（χ2=8.627,P=0.03）,5.5%（χ2=6.556,P=0.01） and 15.4%（χ2=10.255,P=0.001） respectively. 【Conclusion】 Antenatal administration of dexamethasone can reduce the incidence of PVH-IVH and PVL,and reduce the severity of PVH-IVH in the premature infants（gestational age ≤ 35 weeks）.It has a preventive effect on the brain damage in the premature infants.

关 键 词：脑损伤 脑室周围-脑室内出血 脑室周围白质软化 早产儿 地塞米松 产前 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]