利用最大乳酸稳态测试判定赛艇运动员4mmol/L乳酸阈与个体乳酸阈有效性的研究  

Validity of 4 mmol/L Threshold and Individual Anaerobic Threshold Verified by Maximal Lactate Steady State Test in Rowers

作　　者：郜卫峰[1,2] 莫少强[1] 陈征 林家仕[4] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范学院体育学院,广西南宁530023 [2]北京体育大学研究生院,北京100084 [3]湖北水上运动中心,湖北武汉430072 [4]集美大学体育学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《体育科学》2010年第8期85-91,96,共8页China Sport Science

摘　　要：目的:结合赛艇专项运动特点,利用Concept Ⅱ赛艇测功仪对最大乳酸稳态(MLSS)测试进行改进,并根据MLSS测试判定赛艇运动员以4mmol/L乳酸阈(AT4)和个体乳酸阈(IAT)指代无氧阈的有效性。方法:10名男子公开级赛艇运动员在Concept Ⅱ赛艇测功仪上进行1次递增负荷测试和2～4次30min恒定负荷测试,在相应的负荷间歇测定血乳酸。通过递增负荷测试获取AT4和IAT,并在恒定负荷测试中分别以AT4和IAT作为初试负荷,以2.5%IAT作为最小调整负荷,以运动中第10～30min乳酸浓度上升<1mmol/L作为判定标准获取MLSS。结果:1)AT4和MLSS发生时功率分别为342.4±18.8W vs 312.5±16.0W,二者差异非常显著(P<0.01)且相关较弱(r=0.607,P>0.05);AT4高估MLSS功率达9.7%,二功率相对差异范围为0%～15.4%;仅2人以AT4强度完成30min恒定负荷测试,其中1人达到MLSS。2)IAT功率为314.4±19.9W,略高于MLSS功率(P>0.05),二者相关非常显著(r=0.885,P<0.01);IAT比MLSS功率高0.6%,相对差异范围为-4.8%～5.3%;所有受试者均能以IAT强度完成30min恒定负荷测试,其中7人以稳态乳酸完成,且有5人在IAT强度达到MLSS。结论:结合赛艇运动员专项特征的MLSS测试方案能提高测试的简便性和准确性;AT4显著地高估了赛艇运动员的无氧阈水平,而IAT可作为赛艇运动员无氧阈训练的有效负荷区间。Combining with the specific character of rowing,using the maximal lactate steady state （MLSS） to verify the validity of 4mmol/L threshold （AT4） and individual anaerobic threshold （IAT） that presumably indicate the workload corresponding to anaerobic threshold （AT）.Methods：Ten male open-class rowers performed an incremental load test to determine AT4,IAT,and two to four constant load tests that last 30min to determine MLSS on ConceptⅡ rowing ergometer.The first constant load test was respectively conducted at AT or IAT,and the minimal adjusted load was 2.5%IAT,the acceptance criteria for MLSS was the highest blood lactate concentration by no more than 1.0mmol/L within the last 20min of the test.Results：1） The load at AT4 was significantly higher than the load at MLSS （342.4±18.8W vs 312.5±16.0 W,P0.01）,weak correlation between them was found （r=0.607,P0.05）,the AT4 overestimated the MLSS by 9.7%,individual differences reached 0%~15.4%;only two participants could finish the 30 min constant load test with load at AT4,and one of them reached MLSS.2） The load at IAT was slightly higher than the load at MLSS （314.4±19.9 W vs 312.5±16.0 W,P0.05）,there was a strong correlation between them （r=0.885,P0.01）,the IAT was slightly higher than MLSS by 0.6%,the individual differences were -4.8%~5.3%;all participants finished the constant load test with load at IAT,seven finished the 30 min test with lactate steady state,moreover,five of the seven reached MLSS.Conclusions：The modified MLSS test design can improve the efficiency of the test,and the IAT can be considered as a reliable range of AT training,but AT4 overestimates the MLSS significantly.

关 键 词：无氧阈 最大乳酸稳态 4mmol/L乳酸阈 个体乳酸阈 功率 赛艇 运动员 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]