医院感染率降低原因分析  

Analysis of reasons reducing the incidence rate of nosocomial infection

作　　者：张卫东[1] 范秋萍[2] 张会芹[2] 袁媛 

机构地区：[1]河南医科大学流行病学教研室,郑州450052 [2]河南医科大学第一附属医院,郑州450052 [3]郑州市卫生学校,郑州450005

出　　处：《河南医科大学学报》1999年第2期77-79,共3页Journal of Henan Medical University

摘　　要：分析某医院１９９３年和１９９６年住院患者医院感染率下降的原因。方法：通过比较不同年份住院 患者的年龄、性别、科室的分布，不同年份医院感染危险因素的构成比、不同危险因素的医院感染率，找出造成医院 感染率下降的原因。结果： １９９３年和１９９６年住院患者性别分布无差别，不会引起 ２ ａ感染率的差别。１９９６年住院 患者中年龄≥６０岁者（１８．９％）多于１９９３年（１７．０％），一般认为高年龄组医院感染率较高，可见该院不同年份患者 年龄分布的差异不是造成医院感染率下降的因素。从科室分布来看，主要科室患者分布在２ａ间无显著差异，故科 室分布与感染率的下降关系不大。患糖尿病、泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、引流的比例１９９６年高于１９９３年；使用免疫 抑制剂、放疗、ＩＣＵ、昏迷、预防性使用抗生素等因素的构成比１９９３高于１９９６年。危险因素构成比的变化亦不能合 理地解释医院感染率下降的原因。患糖尿病、泌尿道插管、使用免疫抑制剂、ＩＣＵ、预防性使用抗生素、血液病、慢性 阻塞性肺疾患、化疗、手术９项因素１９９６年的医院感染率低于１９９３年，这些因素的医院感染率降低是医院总感染 率降低的真正原因。结论：该院医院感染率降低的主要原因是９项主要医?Aim:Tostudy the reasons reducing the incidence rate of nosocomial infection.Methods;By comparing the sex,age,mainly departments of hospital,risk factors constitute and the incidence rate of nosocomial infection on risk factors.to find the resons.Results:The incidence rate of nosocomian infection in inpatients in 1993(8.3%) was siginificant higher than that in 1996 (5.2%).The reasons reducing the incidence rate may have a lot.The sex constitute between 1993 and 1996 are same,it can't reducing the incidence rate of nosocomial infection,The proportion of age ≥60 years was higher in 1996 than that in 1993,the diffence of age constitute was not the reasons reducing the incidence rate of nosocomial infection.The constitute of inpatient in mainly epartments of hospital between 1993were same too,and these was not and relationship with the reducing the incidence rate of nosocomial infection.The constitute of risk factors in 1993 and 1996 were singnificantly diffence.but these changes could not explance the reasons reducing the incidence rate reasonable.The incidence rate of nosocomial infection on 9risk factors in 1993 was lower than 1993 and these changes made the reduce of the incidence rate of nosomial infection in the hospital.Those 9 risk factors were suffering diadetes,suffering hematopathy,using immunity inhibition,ICU,preventive using antibiotic,chemotherapy,COPD antecedent,urinary intubate.Conclusion:The incidence rate of nosocomial infection on this risk factors is mainly reasons reducing the incidence rate.

关 键 词：医院感染 危险因素 感染率 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]